Pride And Prejudice :: essays research papers

Pride and Prejudice Is it possible?The novel Pride and Prejudice, written by Jane Austen during the nineteenth century, describes the trials and tribulations of basketball team sisters of marrying age. The story is based in England around the turn of the century, and upon c atomic number 18ful review, we settle that many of the events do not reflect the time period. The relationship between Elizabeth and Darcy, and the Lydia-Wickham affair, are not realistic. Despite the fact that the novel is fiction, it is questionable that such events could take place.When Darcy first lays eyes on Elizabeth after she is pointed out to him by Bingley, his statement is not that of love, nor of fondness, rather it is one of complete disgust.She is tolerable but not handsome enough to tempt me and I am in no humour at present to give consequence to young ladies slighted by other men. From Darcys reaction, we can only imagine what he really thinks of Elizabeth, but we are presumptuousness a very go od idea. This is not love at first sight, there is no attraction between the two, there is nothing at all. Elizabeth has an fair to middling reaction to Darcy. When she overhears the comments he has make about her, she is anything but drawn to the man. Mr. Darcy walked off and Elizabeth remained with no very cordial feelings towards him.(pg.12) The two seem destined to become finish up enemies, in fact they seem to become anything but a couple in love, which is exactly what they end up to be.Soon after their original get together at the ball, Elizabeth and Darcys paths cross again. This time it is at the home of the Bingleys where Darcy is staying, and where Elizabeth comes to visit Jane, her ill sister. When Darcy see her this time, his reaction to her is quite differenthe was forced to bed her figure to be light and pleasing and in spite of his asserting that her manners were not those of the fashionable world, he was caught by their easy playfulness.(pg.22)I find it hard to b elieve that his impression of Elizabeth could change so drastically within a matter of days. Elizabeth, on the other hand, has a more reasonable reaction. She made no notice of Darcys reaction.perfectly unaware to her he was only the man who had made himself agreeable nowhere, and who had not thought her handsome enough to dancing with.

the good and bad of telecommuting :: essays research papers

The good and bad of telecommutingtelecommuting may be the movement of the future, which will allow more tribe to work away from the office. Many people see telecommuting as a way to be close to home or allow them to be connected to their organization while working abroad. While telecommuting might work for some people, telecommuting is not for everyone. There be many disadvantages as well advantages to telecommuting which most people do not take into account. When considering telecommuting, the advantages fall for two employer and employee. The same can be said about the disadvantages of telecommuting. Advantages of teleworking One of the main driving factors for any company is economics and how will telecommuting allow the corporation to be profitable. The primary saving for companies embarking upon the telecommuting innovation is the reduction in the amount of office space mandatory to conduct business. Telecommuting benefits the employer because they have an expanded pool of employees. The skills of employees with commuting difficulties, childcare conflict, disabilities, geographical barriers are made available to a telecommuting employer. Companies are now starting to expanding oversees where the labor price is cheaper for telecommuting. This however can be looked at as both an advantage to the employer, and as a disadvantage to the employee. The advantage of telecommuting for some employees can be invaluable. One huge advantage an employee has when telecommuting is flexibility. Telecommuting allows for change magnitude flexibility to coordinate work schedules with individualized and family priorities. Flexible working arrangements improve quality and work done (Dudman, 2001). Achieving a balance between work and personal duties can help individuals gain more control over their lives. Often overlooked is the impact telecommuting has on the surroundings. One great advantage for the environment is the conservation of energy. With a great deal of ener gy is required to produce a vast amount of transportation vehicles such as automobiles, buses and subways. The fuel required to operate these vehicles would be reduced. An employee also is also a great consumer of energy, once at an office, the office building has heating, cooling, and lighting needs. When magnified, the energy use can be great. Whereas working from home requires only a minimal amount of energy use for heating, cooling, and lighting needs. For every advantage, most of the time there are disadvantages associated with it. Disadvantages of TelecommutingOne huge disadvantage that employers face with the use of telecommuting is losing direct control over the employees.

College Admissions Essay: An Intense Learning Experience :: College Admissions Essays

An Intense Learning Experience My semester of cultivation abroad is best described as an intense learning experience, without which I feel that my education would have been incomplete. The lessons learned were far assorted from those I encountered in high school, but of equal or greater importance. I gained new perspective about international affairs and also found I was challenged as an individual to grow intellectually, socially, and emotionally. There is no doubt that this experience has changed me, and I am certainly better for it. The most obvious gain from my study abroad was the academic trailwork for that semester. I studied Shakespeare in London, and was able to visit not only the Globe Theatre, but also parts of the city that existed during the Elizabethan period. Another course, which focused on the history of eastward End London, took us through the dynamic past of this problematic portion of the city, not just with texts, but walking tours through the East End. M y theatre course likewise capitalized on the opportunities unique to London, incorporating nine of the several hundred shows that were running in the city throughout the spring semester. This course supplemented my internship experience, in which I took a part-time position at the Bridewell Theatre, and small fringe theatre in the heart of the city. The internship was the most beneficial component of the academic program, in that I was immersed in British culture through biweekly interaction (2 workdays) with the Bridewell staff. I was able to witness the inner-workings of its administration, and observe some of the problems facing London theatres in general. Outside the classroom, the study abroad experience provided for constant change and self-reflection. I learned to recognize my own hidden prejudices and confront them, as my beliefs were constantly challenged by experiences and people I encountered. For someone who had never traveled outside the United States, this experience led me to perceive my own nation in a different way, and to confront feelings of both(prenominal) pride and shame in my background. While a challenging and shocking change, this has led me to define and strengthen my beliefs and opinions while gaining a new understanding for different perspectives.

Mildred Pierce and His Girl Friday:Portrait of Working Women in the Pre

Mildred Pierce and His Girl Friday Portrait of Working Women in the Pre- and Post-World War PeriodHis Girl Friday and Mildred Pierce are two films from the 1940s that deal with the position of women indoors the wee-weeforce in the time prior to Americas involvement in the war, and after the tide turned in the Allies favor respectively. This has a great deal to do with the ways in which these women--Hildy and Mildred--are portrayed. The two films are of drastically different genres and plots, and this in addition to the social milieu in the two drastically different measure that they were made shows the changes in attitudes towards women in the workforce over the course of the war. His Girl Friday is a screwball romantic comedy that creates a fantasy world and a fantasy woman who navigates this world with great ease. She finds love at every turn, and succeeds in earning her hearts desire, which is both a career and a man who loves her, who, with every underhand trick, proves the po wer of love. Mildred Pierce on the other hand, was made in a combination of the film noir and melodramatic styles, showing a womans struggles for both success and love, and within the diagetic space of the film, she is constantly frustrated.Mildred, at the beginning of the films timeline, has the life that Hildy Johnson, throughout His Girl Friday, claims that she wants--a nice suburban existence with a nice family and a nice mansion house with a metaphorical white picket fence. But a darker picture quickly reveals itself, and this life is not as perfect as it seems. To support herself and her family, Mildred begins to work for a living, soon realizing that with her ambition and intelligence, she can prosper. She wants to give her daughters the life ... ...ountry that shouts freedom from oppression from the rooftops must be insidious when it comes to restricting those freedoms. Mildred Pierce is a caption that gives a picture of what womens lives would be like if they did not le t men do their wage earning, if they did not embrace their traditional role, if they did not learn their lesson and squelch at home. Mildred had no choice but to search out employment, relying on only herself to support her family, like many women in the war-time period. But she did not contain to her place. She did more than just earn a living, she prospered, and to let that image remain with American women could have been disastrous to the American economy. She could not be allowed to succeed, because she was trying to receive too many roles, to achieve in every aspect of her life, and that, according to the American way, from a woman, is not allowed.

The Yellow Wallpaper :: essays research papers

The Yellow WallpaperAlthough on the surface The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a narrative about one womans struggles with sanity it is not. In truth, it is a story about the dominant/submissive relationship between an oppressive married man and his submissive wife. The husband, John, pushes his wifes depression to a point quite close to insanity. The narrator seems to destroy herself through her overactive imagination and her urge to write. When they cut under ones skin she seems well in control of her faculties, but by the time they are readying for departure, she has broken down. Flawed human nature seems to play a spectacular role in her breakdown. Her husband, a noted physician, is unwilling to admit that there may be a real problem with his wife. This same attitude is reverberate in her brother, also a physician. While these attitudes, and the actions taken by the two doctors, seem to have certainly contributed to her breakdown, it seems that there is a n underlying rebellious spirit in her.The narrator, speaking out against her husband states, He says no one but myself can help me out of it, that I must use my will and self-denial and not let any silly fancies run away with me. This demonstrates how John is not treating his wife for anything. He simply doesnt believe there is a problem. This is one of her major motivations for keeping a journal she thinks it helps her because she is afraid to speak out against her husband. Every time she thinks about writing in the journal, she relates how tired it makes her. end-to-end the story, John speaks out against her writing, because he feels that it contributes to her depression but she writes anyway, feeling that she is getting away with something. John treats her as if she were ill not depressed. John being a physician, not a psychologist, prescribes her medication that is for someone who is physically ill, not experiencing psychological distress. The journal becomes an outlet for her true feelings that she believes would get her incarcerated if anyone else heard them. When she writes she states, I think sometimes that if I were only well enough to write a little it would relieve the press of ideas and rest me. But I find I get pretty tired when I try. Her husband who believes that her writing is contributing to her illness opposes this idea while not radical.

The Yellow Wallpaper :: essays research papers

The Yellow WallpaperAlthough on the surface The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a story about one womans struggles with sanity it is not. In truth, it is a story about the dominant/submissive relationship between an dictatorial husband and his submissive wife. The husband, John, pushes his wifes depression to a point quite close to insanity. The narrator seems to destroy herself through her overactive imagination and her impel to write. When they arrive she seems well in control of her faculties, but by the time they are readying for departure, she has broken down. Flawed human nature seems to play a great role in her breakdown. Her husband, a noted physician, is un testamenting to admit that thither may be a real problem with his wife. This same locating is mirrored in her brother, also a physician. While these attitudes, and the actions taken by the two doctors, seem to have certainly contributed to her breakdown, it seems that there is an underlying rebelliou s pump in her.The narrator, speaking out against her husband states, He says no one but myself can help me out of it, that I must use my will and self-control and not let any silly fancies run away with me. This demonstrates how John is not treating his wife for anything. He simply doesnt believe there is a problem. This is one of her major motivations for keeping a journal she approximates it helps her because she is afraid to speak out against her husband. Every time she thinks about writing in the journal, she relates how pall it makes her. Throughout the story, John speaks out against her writing, because he feels that it contributes to her depression but she writes anyway, feeling that she is getting away with something. John treats her as if she were ill not depressed. John organism a physician, not a psychologist, prescribes her medication that is for someone who is physically ill, not experiencing psychological distress. The journal becomes an outlet for her true feelings that she believes would get her incarcerated if anyone else heard them. When she writes she states, I think sometimes that if I were only well enough to write a little it would relieve the press of ideas and rest me. But I find I get pretty tired when I try. Her husband who believes that her writing is contributing to her illness opposes this idea while not radical.

Mb0045

Feb/Spring 2012 Master of Business Administration MBA Semester IV MI0038 Enterprise Resource Planning 4 impute Assignment Set- 1 (60 Marks) Note Each Question carries 10 marks. Answer all the questions. Q1. Q2. Q3. Q4. Why are ERP systems said to be flexible? let off with an example. Explain with an example the concept of supply chain management? Differentiate between Open Source and Commercial ERP. Briefly explain the key principles to a good ERP system selection process. What is ATO and how is it different from ETO? List the advantages of CAD/CAM.How does the plant maintenance module help in achieving competitiveness? Write a note of graphic symbol Management. Explain the working of Warehouse Management and Purchase department with an example. Q5. Q6. Feb/Spring 2012 Master of Business Administration MBA Semester IV MI0038 Enterprise Resource Planning 4 Credits Assignment Set- 2 (60 Marks) Note Each Question carries 10 marks. Answer all the questions. Q1. Q2. Q3. Q4. Q5 . Q6. What is web ERP? What are its benefits? List out the different modules below ERP Inventory management.Also readModules 9 & 10Briefly explain the functionalities of CRM sub modules. List out the benefits of CRM Systems. Illustrate the role of ERP systems in world Resources. List out the benefits of Human Resource management systems. Describe how you would go about the different phases of the ERP implementation lifecycle, if it were being done in your company. Discuss briefly about JD Edwards and PeopleSofts applications and their various modules. What is BAPI? Why BIAP is considered as commanding tool in the SAP consultants toolkit?

Lada de Brasil Case

Lado do Brazil is struggling to remain a profitable importer of cars in the Brazilian grocery store. To remain profitable LDB needs to change magnitude its sales and maintain its efficient cost structure. The recession, regulatory uncertainty, and increased competition are all factors that are reducing and threatening the sales and profitability of the company. In order to counter these threats and increase sales, LDB needs a more aggressive sales strategy, needs to continue to leverage its existing relationships with head teachers, topical anesthetic parts manufacturers, and the local government, and should solely focus on being a low cost provider.This should allow LDB to maintain profitability throughout the recession, and continue to be the import leader in a growing and under sued Brazilian auto market. Although the relationship with the Russian auto supplier (VAZ) is not the primary focus of our analysis, it is important to note that VAZ is in the midst of an uncertain eco nomic and political period. Their ability to provide LDB with cars could be jeopardized, thus, a contingency plan is essential. LDB should explore partnerships with other automakers, Toyota or Hyundai. CURRENT CHALLENGES The about pressing challenge faced by Lada is declining sales.In the second half of the year, sales declined consistently. LDBs market share declined in Q4, indicating its competitive edge is diminishing. Mitigation of the challenges down the stairs is imperative. Market The Regulatory Environment is a hindrance to our price competitiveness and profitability. The primary issues are high tariffs and potential price freezes, but constantly changing rules (ex. tax exceptions, rate changes) threaten our competitiveness. High rising prices and Foreign exchange danger are both consistent threats to our ability to compete in Brazil.High inflation leads to constant re-pricing and decreases the availability of financing. It also leads to cruzerio devaluation relative to the dollar and has caused us to lose money on otherwise profitable sales in the past (taxis). increase price competitiveness of the market is also of concern. Domestic producers have recently agreed to cut prices in exchange for tax breaks, and there is speculation of new-fangled low cost cars entering the market. Internal Parent Supply As the USSR transitions away from Communist rule to a free market economy, VAZ becomes unable to serve its demands for domestic and foreign supply.The ability of VAZ to provide LDB with cars at a competitive price is at risk. In addition, theres are speculations that Fiat will purchase a 30% stake in VAZ, increasing uncertainty of the future of LDBs parent company. RECOMMENDATION By enhancing sales strategies as outlined below, and by fetching steps to protect our price advantage, sales should increase and we will retain our position as a price leader. Sales Strategies Refine Product go LDBs value proposition is bewraying low cost vehicles. The higher priced key fruit has consistently sold poorly and dilutes LDBs brand.LDB should phase out the Samara in favor of the Laika and Niva. The Laika has been the best seller and should continue to be popular as a cost conscious choice. The Nivas strong summer sales, linked with the less competitive S. U. V. market suggests that the Niva is the best prospect for sales growth. Increase Direct Sales LDB should expand the direct import program. The elimination of a philia man is advantageous because it reduces consumer prices and can increase LDBs profitability. Implement Just-in-time DeliveryTo reduce dealer price risks and to incentivize dealers to sell more Ladas, LDB should leverage their bonded warehouse by executing a policy of Just-in-time Delivery of the cars. Instead of requiring dealers to front capital and use inventory space, they hold a minimum inventory and could purchase cars as needed knowing LDB would deliver promptly. This helps eliminate currency risk because mon ey and cars are exchanged simultaneously. Argentina The pact between Brazil and Argentina offers LDB the opportunity to increase sales by selling cars in Argentina without additional tariffs.If the local market continues to stagnate, this could be an alternative market. Supplier Strategy The supplier, VAZ, is operating in an uncertain economic environment and is experiencing difficulties meeting production. To mitigate this risk, LDB should consider partnerships with Hyundai or Toyota. These firm are both low cost manufacturers with an interest in the Brazilian market that would allow us to continue our import business in Brazil. ALTERNATIVES In the process of reaching the stated recommendations, alternative options were considered.To increase sales, LDB could partner with a local bank to offer financing directly to consumers. This makes our car more accessible to consumers that dont have the assets to purchase outright. Although we believe this would be an excellent opportunity to increase sales, financing is not a core competency of LDB, and finding a banking partner could prove difficult. An additional alternative would be to sell a more upscale car to cater to a submitgraphic that has higher income, resulting in higher margins. Mercedes is fifth in production displaying that there is an on tap(predicate) niche market with few competitors.However, the higher-priced cars are contradictory to LDBs value proposition and dilute the brand message as the lowest priced car on the market. Unlike Mercedes, Lada is not associated with luxury and prestige. LDB could increase its total demand by engaging in contracts to supply cars to the Brazilian government and large institutions. Due to fetch with secondary sales platforms, LDB would be able to navigate relations outside of traditional dealer relations. The volume of the negotiated contracts would also allow for substantial discounts of 25% or more.However, in a recession, institutions are unlikely to engage in financial commitments, even though our car is the lowest priced. This option may be viable under more economically prosperous times when firms are actively expanding. CONCLUSION To increase sales and overall profitability in the current market environment in Brazil, LDB should refine its product mix to better fit the domestic demand. Additionally, LDB should further penetrate the market by focusing on twist long-term relations with dealers and expanding to sell directly to consumers without access to dealers. While focusing on increasing market hare, LDB should diversify its supply channels to mitigate the risk of VAZ being unable to supply cars at a competitive price. While mitigating the risks in the short-term, these strategies position LDB for long-term success. 1. Figure 3 Figure 3 LDB s Business Process LDB s Business Process 2 . 2 . Daily . Daily . 2 . 2 . 1 . 1 . 4 . 4 . 3 . 3 . 1 . 1 . Direct Sales 1. Consumers contact the dealer and purchase the car in full at a 20% disc ount. 2. LDB sends the car to the consumer directly. 3. LDB exchanges Cr into USD daily to avoid currency risk Direct Sales 4. Consumers contact the dealer and purchase the car in full at a 20% discount. . LDB sends the car to the consumer directly. 6. LDB exchanges Cr into USD daily to avoid currency risk Dealer Sales 1. Dealers sell the cars to the consumers using our demo cars. 2. Consumers pay the dealer in Cr. 3. Dealers pay LDB in Cr. 4. LDB sends the cars to the dealers. (Just in time delivery) 5. LDB exchanges Cr into USD daily to avoid currency risk Dealer Sales 6. Dealers sell the cars to the consumers using our demo cars. 7. Consumers pay the dealer in Cr. 8. Dealers pay LDB in Cr. 9. LDB sends the cars to the dealers. (Just in time delivery) 10. LDB exchanges Cr into USD daily to avoid currency risk

Marx’ Alienation and Durkheim’s Anomie

Section one Explain Marx archetype of alienation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the ii concepts of alienation and anomie and to show their homogeneousities and differences. One of the most important Marx theories is the concept of alienation. By the concept of alienation Marx claimed that people ar using their mogul to govern their life story under the capitalistic conditions. Created in the middle of the 19th century, it is a form of dehumanization. Marx theory of alienation is represented in the book sparing and Philosophic Manuscripts.For Marx, alienation depicts a socio-psychological condition describing the separation of individuals from their natural and social environments. (www. academia. edu) Marx typifies four main types of alienation. 1. Alienation of the worker from the product of his labor The worker places his life in the object but now it no longer belongs to him, but to the object (1844b 324) The worker cannot control the conditions in which he is w orking. 2. Alienation of the worker from the act of producing His proletariat is not voluntary, but forced it is forced labor (1844b 326) The worker becomes a servant of what he produces. The object is not in the workers control and it is not his production. 3. Alienation of the worker from himself, as a producer estranged labour tears away from him his species-life, his true species-objectivity (1844b 329) The workers are alienated from themselves. Their work takes from their philanthropy because they cannot realise their true humanity in creating the object they produce. 4.Alienation of the worker from other workers each man regards the other in accordance with the standard and the situation in which he as a worker finds himself (1844b 330) The conditions of work also alienate the worker from other men. They are no longer a team of seminal workers. Moreover, the conditions of their work put them in competition with each other. They should work faster and harder, they shoul d produce more. They become an enemies rather than to be team. According to Marx, capitalism alienates people from their temper and humanity.They cannot show their potential in the communication with the others, in the connection with what they produced and in this way they cannot show them as human beings. Section two Explain Durkheims concept of anomie. The French sociologist Emile Durkheim introduced the concept of anomie in his book The Division of Labor in golf club, published in 1893. The term anomie direction social dis regularize and is also used by Durkheim in his studies about suicidal behavior in 1897 in his study on Suicide.Anomie is usually translated as normlessness, but it best understood as insufficient normative regulation. (www. brooklinsoc. org) The concept was explained as a condition where the activities of the members in a society are no longer controlled by a norms. It refers to a breakdown of the social norms. (www. criminology. fsu. edu) Anomie refers to an environmental state where society fails to exercise adequate regulation or coldness over the goals and desires of its individual members (Durkheim, 1951 241276).Individuals sometimes experience alienation from values and group goals during times of fast change in the society. This leads to conflicts and dissatisfaction. Industrialization with the division of labor committed anomie. In the process of producing, which is repeated, workers are losing their sense to feel their role in the production. The anomic suicide is taking place when the individuals are not regulated sufficiently by the society. This kind of suicide is more likely to happen of there are times when the economy is fluctuating.As one of the important functions of a social order Durkheim pointed the social solidarity there is defined place for every individual in the world that was created and reinforced by the social values of goodity, religion, and patriotism. His observation was that these strands of solidarit y are stronger or weaker in different societies. But he also observed that there are some forces in the modern society that are opposite to these moral strands of social cohesion (www. understandingsociety. blogspot. dk).In his theory of suicide, he explains differences in suicide rates across societies as the result of different levels of solidarity and its opposite, anomie. Durkheim highlights the situation of anomie to refer to the retainer of individuals whose relationship to the social whole is weak. ( www. understandingsociety. blogspot. dk) Section three How the two concepts are alike or different? The two theories are exposed by the authors as a essential problem of modernity as moving to a industrial state in Durkheims view and moving to a capitalist state in Marxs view.Another important similarity between the two theories is that they both arose in the 19th century when analysing the nature of labour Marxs concept was based on the labour process and Durkheims was written with the division of labour in mind. From these topics, the authors are trying to explain a variable changes, which are taking place in the society. Marxs concept of alienation is showing another kind of separation separation of the person from his/her nature as a free producer and creator, and separation of the person from his/her natural sociality. www. brooklinsoc. org) Thus, the modern capitalistic society is destructive of true society. In comparison, Durkheim and Marx are diagnosing a similar feature of modernity. But in Marx is comparing the present with the future as a society, full of equal and free producers. On the other hand in Durkheims case there is an implicit contrast between a pre-modern world in which individuals have a well-defined social and moral place and the modern-day world in which these strands of solidarity are breaking down. www. brooklinsoc. org) But in each case the author is grappling with a deficiency in modernity a lack of moral and social settin g that gives the individual a basis for self-respect and sociable cooperation with others. Bibliography Marx. Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts 1844 Durkheim. The Division of Labor in Society 1951 www. brooklinsoc. org www. understandingsociety. blogspot. dk www. academia. edu

Water Spouts

Water spouts are another type of tornado. A pissing spout is a tornado that hoovers over land and is formed by concentrated absorb of water supply forming the tornados funnel and high wind speeds around it. Water spouts can form in two different ways. During normal weather when water temperatures are high and the air is very humid is typically when water spouts can form at sea level. The second way a water spout can form is like a regular tornado, it will form from a pervert and descend down but will cite waters surface.It is not as common for a water spout to form from a cloud, but when they do, they are typically more destructive than a water spout forming at sea level. When a water spout is formed from a cloud they are so destructive that they are able to pull fish from the water into the tornado and release them back out when the fish reach the top of the water spouts. A somebody would need to be utmost above the water level, such as in a plane or on a mountain, to see t he first sign of a waterspout. It starts as a dark spot forming on the ocean.The second phase still could not be seen from a ship, but could perhaps could be felt as the wind shifts and speeds up. If a person on a boat happened to look up at the cloud above when sensing the change in the wind, that person might notice a funnel forming in the clouds even though the vortex on the waters surface is not clearly visible. As the winds increases, the spray is visible from the vortex on the ocean surface. When a waterspout is fully matured, anyone with eyes to see can watch the funnel reach from the cloud to dip and twist into the water.They likewise hiss and suck at the water instead of the rumbling growl of a twister on land. Waterspouts can also form over lakes or rivers, but are most commonly seen over the ocean. They suck up the water in their path, billowing a water spray like a mushroom cloud against the water surface. Waterspouts can range in size from several feet to more than a m ile high, and their largeness can vary from a few feet to hundreds of feet. It is not uncommon to see more than one water-twister at a time. Some ships have reported perceive as many as 30 waterspouts in a single day.

Porter’s Model Approach for Rice Industry

Why should Vietnam develop strain production as its private-enterprise(a) advantage? sieve is one of the leading food crops in the world with 85% of its production accounted by human consumption (The Importance of Rice, 2011). Rice is to a fault the most important crop to millions of small farmers who grow it on millions of hectares throughout the region, and to the many conveyless workers who derive income from working on these farms. In the future, it is imperative that rice production refer to grow at least as rapidly as the population, if not faster.The worlds annual rough rice production will accept to increase markedly over the next 30 years to keep up with population growth and income-induced demand for food (The Importance of Rice, 2011). In Viet Nam, rice plays an important role in national food credentials and political stability. Rice also has a direct effect on social security because it is consumed by a vast majority of the total population and is an important so urce of income for more than than 60 million raft living in agriculture and rural areas. Rice is the countrys main crop, accounting for more than 90% of total cereal production.Since the 1990s, the volume of rice exports has risen dramatically, making Viet Nam the number largest rice exporter in the world. Nevertheless, serious food security concerns in the country remains. Pockets of poverty and malnutrition persist more in remote areas and among ethnic tribes (Asian Development cuss, 2012 p. 01). number food per capital has been increased rapidly, but inequally among regions In 2007, Mekong is 1,075 kg, South Central Coast 287 kg the North West 217 kg and the Central Highland 174 kg (the variation between the Mekong and the Central Highland is 6. 17 times)(Nguyen Vu Hoan, 2010 p. 3). Furthermore, rice constancy is critical in the Vietnameses sustainable economic environment. Rice export helps increase foreign currency inflows and capital accmulation for the industrializati on modernization process of the country. Specifically, the increase in rice export volumn means a growth in national incomes, in turns, a growth in national GDP. Realizing rices significance and the various threats, the government does not only seek solving but also plays an important role in the international rice commercialize, and consequently, in the food security of the international communityThe factorial determinants Land is the first and maiden production material in rice cultivation. The soil fertility dominates profoundly the intensiveness ability and production costs. According to a survey of the Agriculture Ministry, land area with agriculture capability is above 10 million hectares, in which 8. 5 million hectares are suitable for rice cultivation (The Necessity of Vietnams Rice Expor, 2011). Therefore, land resource in Viet Nam has advantages in both intensive and extensive farming.In addition, the climate is ideal for rice due to the combination of humidity and di rty weather. Also, the canal and river carcasss spread densely throughout the country, especially the three major rivers including Red, C? and Nine Dragons Rivers, which provide farmers with huge amount of water. These natural conditions helps create a solid foundation for rice industry in Viet Nam. The human resource is another factor contributing to rice production. 50% of national labour fight participates in farming with broad knowledge and experience passed down by their ancestors (Asian Development Bank, 2012 p. 1). The Vietnamese culture has been attached deeply to rice cultivation consequently, the people possessed various compatible skills with the particular weather conditions in Viet Nam. The amount of research and development carried out has been considerable. Many new rice varieties have been introduced whirl much higher yield than the old ones. Besides, new production model has been applied and used successfully in boosting productivity, together with efficient irri gation system.Advanced drainage, aluminum, salt remotion techniques are deployed to improve rice quality (Asian Development Bank, 2012 p. 02). Viet Nam is the country to have cheapest cost of production within South-East Asia, especially in Mekong Delta cheapest in the world. This creates price competitiveness for Vietnamese rice in both domestic and foreign market (The Competitiveness of Agricultural Products in the Context of Joining AFTA, 2003). The infrastructure system is continually mountingd to help make use of every source efficiently.The Government is currently working with foreign countries especially Australia. The two nations are carrying on several(prenominal) projects on projects build Cao Lanh Bridge Mekong Delta infrastructure and Vietnam Rural Energy Distribution to provide efficient delivery of power service by power companies also a Southern Coastal Corridor connecting between Viet Nam, Thailand and Cambodia. As soon as these instructions go into operation, many efforts can be made to exploit authorisation benefits that have not yet been seen (AusAid, 2013). The overnment also concerns about the educational and health level of people from rural areas. The systems of school at all levels are world constructed new, upgraded and temporary primitive schools and classes are being eliminated. Besides, rural health care system continues to be enhanced quite comprehensive, truly go bads the rural residents crucial initial health care system, growing both in terms of number of health stations, qualification of health service providers as well as the somatogenetic facilities. (Agricultural and Fishery Situation in Vietnam, 2011). The Demand ConditionsAs the Viet Nams economy has been growing, leading to higher living standards especially in big cities, the demand for consumption goods is climb including rice. Moreover, people get accession to high quality rice both from foreign and domestic market. Therefore, a potential growth in demand for victor quality rice is obvious and people will turn to other rice exporters like Thailand if its rice quality is higher. However, domestic production can lend over the rice market by producing high quality rice with lower prices based on new production model and continuous base in machinery and rice varieties.If the rice industry can successfully address this sophisticated demand, it can exploit profits from high-end market both domestically and internationally by producing much higher value-added rice. The Up and Downstream Industries The upstream industries supporting rice production include machinery, fertilizers and pesticides. The government realized the importance of these industries so it apply policies to encourage enthronisation on R&D and facilities. Vietnam has recently working on a project building a huge milling domiciliate with capacity of 100,000 tons per annum, in Mekong Delta region (Huynh Xu TTXVN, 2013).Also, the collaboration of many agriculture scientists a nd experts has resulted in eco-friendly fertilizers and pesticides using green recycled components, helping paddy field to grow more quickly. The packaging industry is in the downstream process in rice production. In order for the rice to be in the market, it must be jammed properly first. An automatic packaging line is being used in many rice processing factories. The government does realize the benefit packaging could look at especially in marketing, value added function and brand perception. It is now encouraging competition among package production firms for a higher quality packaging.Rice manufacturers also help with the packagers on their own packaging designs. The structure of the industry and its rivalry The economic units are mainly dominated by small-scaled farmers and in that location is significant land fragmentation. Theoretically, there is no competition among cooperatives. However, due to the fact that the whole rice production process is managed by Agriculture an d Rural Development Ministry and its regulations and standards put on the farmers to lay down high quality rice, the Vietnamese rice competitiveness is considerable relative to other countries.Moreover, the pressure to compete with other big rice exporter drives manufacturers to continuously upgrade their production model. The other contributing factors Chance Joining WTO provides several opportunities for rice exports. First, WTO is a big playing field offering a huge market including one for rice consumption as before Viet Nam became member of WTO rice is limited in participating in global market. Besides, many enterprises have access to advanced technology in rice production.Secondly, a complete law system has been introduced in order to be able to join WTO, which encourages foreign investing funds since the other countries think Viet Nam has a m? e stable environment. Finally, there will be no unfairness in case of conflictions as the WTOs commerce policy is applied to Vietnam ensuring our rights in international playground (Rice production situation after joining WTO, 2009). Wars are still big issues in many regions of the world and will continue to be. And food security is at stake in these particular areas. Vietnams rice export can become one of the major sources for food during instabilities.Government Policy The authorities also play a crucial role in influencing the nations competitive advantage. Regarding the add side, Viet Nams Government has implemented multiple measures to boost production including decollectivism (xoa b? ch? nghia t? p th? ) transforming land and production materials to household system boorish R&D involving one third of the S&T government budget to support hybrid rice varieties for farmers access to credit provided by Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development and favoured loan interest rate granted to farmers (Dang Kim Son, 2011).The government, being aware of rice industrys significance, has been putting huge investment a nd concern about this and will continue to do so In foreign trade, policy such as removing export quotas has encouraged foreign investors. Besides, manoeuver is still be made over export contract registration as well as conditions to rice export enterprises to ensure rice quality. In conclusion, the rice industry is promising due to several factors both from Porters model and from outside sources.The human, natural, knowledge resources are all favourable to rice production in the first place. Not to mention other factors namely demand, supporting industries, chances and government policy, these are essentially supporting the growth of rice industry though there are plenty of efforts to be made to exploit them. It is wise to take into consideration that making rice the nations competitive advantage. This does not only help the Viet Nams economical growth but also ensures its stability in far future.

Failures That May Occur in a Distributed Systems Essay

A distri scarcelyion systems is a collection of processors that curb a green goal for their system. Some examples would be SOA-based systems, massively multiplayer online games and peer-to-peer applications. The distri scarceed system is software systems in which components located on earnings computers. This systems communicate and coordinate with passing messages. This systems interact with each other to accomplish a common goal. This processor will contain their own local memory.Undeliverable Messages FailuresThis is where a message is undeliverable due to either the recipient role is down when a message arrives or the sender and recipient are in different components of a network partitionCommunication FailuresWill restrain processes at other sites to stop communicatingSite FailuresWhen a site experiences a system disaster, processing stops abruptly and the contents of volatile remembering are destroyed (Microsoft Research, 2012).Network Partition FailureThis is a network fragments into two or more disjointed sub-networks within which messages can be sent, but between which messages are lost. Centralized systems are completely opposite of a distributed system, where a distributed system is a collection of processors which contains their own memories and communicate together with various lines. A centralizes system allows certain functions to be concentrated in the systems hub, plus it can be easily accessed from all points (Wikipedia, 2012). After a decomposeure has occurred certain actions must be taken, depending on what the failure is will help to determine what actions need to be taken. Site and communications failures manifest themselves as the softness of one site to exchange message with another site. When you have a failure one the firststeps is to have a handshake procedure. tremble is where two sites communicate between each other to set parameters so normal communications over the channels can begin. After the failure has been uncaring than we would start to fix the failure. When the systems has a failure than it must initiate the procedure which will allow the system to reconfigure. This will allow its primary function to fail and reset to a simpler function, mitigating any unacceptable failure consequence. It will control the system without forcing sacrifice desired, but uninsurable, capabilities. After the system reconfigured it will go through the recovery phase and be integrated back in to the system. Network partition is where all paths between two sites contain a failed or humble link.The network partition will divide the operational sites into two or more component, where ever two sites within the component can communicate but cannot communicate with the components in other sites. When the links are re checkmateed, communications is reestablished between the sites where messages could not exchanges messages thereby merging components. Some was to reduce the probability of a network partition is to design a highly connected network, where the failure of few sites and links will not disrupt all the paths between any pair of sites, This requires the use of more components and cost more money.Sometimes the networks topology is could be constrained by other factors, like geography and communication medium. We are express in the way we can avoid partitions networks. There are a lot of advantages of having a distributed system. Like being able to connected remote users, have higher speed and for the most part it is reliable the system need to know how to handle the errors and failures correctly so it can fix them quickly and easily.ReferencesMicrosoft. (2014). Distrbuted recuperation Chapter 7. Retrieved from http//research.microsoft.com/en-us/people/philbe/chapter7.pdf Wikipedia. (2014). Centralized Systems. Retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralized_system

Reflecting on Wisdom

Reflecting On science PSY 220 March 9, 2013 Colleen Moore Reflecting On Wisdom The attri entirelyes that argon commonly associated with discerning people be conceive Ability, Sagacity, instruction from Ideas and the Environ ment, Judgment, Expeditious use of learning and Perspicacity. Rea word of honoring Ability is the uncommon dexterity to flavour at a problem and solve it through good logical reasoning ability, by applying experience to occurrence problems, by integrating selective information and theories in new ways, and by possessing a huge chime in of acquaintance.Sagacity is the groovy understanding of hu gentle mans gentleman nature, thoughtfulness, fairness, good listening abilities, goledge of self and placing value on the advice and knowledge of others. Learning from Ideas and the Environment places value on ideas, is perceptive, and reveals from others mistakes. Judgment has good sensible judgment at completely measures, takes a long-term rather than a short-term view, and thinks before acting and speaking. Expeditious use of Information watch overs and retains information from experience (both mistakes and successes), willingness to change ones come along based on new experience.Perspicacity Demonstrates perceptiveness, intuition, ability to fill through things, read in the midst of the lines and discern the truth and the proper(ip) thing to do. (Bumgardener & Crothers, 2009) A psyche I believe would be unused would be messiah Christ. deliverer Christ who is known from the record book as the son of God. (II Samuel 712-14 King mob Bible) messiah had tout ensemble six of the characteristics evoked in the in a higher place paragraph. messiah who was the son of God was sent to the world to hold on the world to teach the gospels and to serving save the world from sin. For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, that remove everlasting life (Joh n 316 King mob Bible). the Nazarene went to some cities throughout his life preaching the gospels and restoreing the six, casting our demons and raising the dead. Any psyche who believed that the Nazarene was the son of God and had enough faith would be doctored. (John 443-54 King jam Bible) the Nazarene was a re anyy wise man because he studied the gospels, he spent many hours in prayer, and he besides went to the tabernacles to learn and to preach and to heal those in need of healing. Mark 121-28, Luke 431-37) Jesus was a very compassionate man and when people who had the faith would cry out to him for healing he would heal them because their faith was very strong. An example of this would be when Jesus had left the city of Jericho he had a freshet following of people traveling with him when they had come upon two blind men. The blind men perceive the crew and asked what was going on and once they were told they had cried out to Jesus to not pass them by and to enra pture heal them of their blindness.The crowd that was following Jesus tried to rebuke them because they figured the blind men werent commend fit enough for a healing or they just did not want the blind men to frustrate Jesus, but the blind men cried out to Jesus in persistence because they believed and had the faith to know that Jesus could heal them, Jesus thence called out to the blind men and asked what they cherished and they had say they wanted their center field sight back off, so Jesus exposeing that they had the faith told them to arise and that because of their faith they were healed and could discipline again. once the Blind men were healed they followed Jesus and were glorifying God. Mark 1046-52 Luke 1835-43 King James Bible) Jesus was wise in the ways that he taught his parables. For example in (Luke 1025-42 King James Bible), a man who was an expert in the law decided to test Jesus by asking him Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life? Jesus then sa id to the man, What is scripted in the law? How do you read it? The man answered Though shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all they mind and they neighbours as thyself. Jesus then said to the man Thou has answered right this do and thou shalt live.Again the man wanted to justify himself so he asked Jesus Who is my neighbor? Jesus then replied to him with a story most a man who had come from Jerusalem to Jericho and ran into some thieves who naked the man of his clothes and beat him half to death and then left. The man who had been beaten lay on the worldly concern and had been passed by two people who looked at him and left without helping the man. A third man The safe(p) Samaritan came by and saw the wounded man on the ground and had left but came back with supplies to lave the wounded man and bandage him up. Then the Good Samaritan took him to an auberge to take care of him.The coterminous twenty-four hour period the good Sam aritan man got up and before he left, he gave the inn flight attendant notes and told the inn keeper and told him to take care of the wounded man and that any extra money that the inn keeper has to use he will repay him once he returns. Then once Jesus was washed-up with the story he said to the man who was and expert in the law Which now of these three, thinkest thou, was neighbor unto him that wild among thieves? The man then said He that shewed mercy on him. Then Jesus said Go and do thou Likewise. One of the attributes I believe I have fully highly-developed would be Judgment.I may not incessantly use the best judgment at all times, but I feel that my judgment is usually sensible and thought out as sensible as I can control it. When something comes up that I have to use my judgment for, I show to devolve on and think it through as much as viable to find the best possible upshot for the solution. I feel that I would need to fully develop all of the attributes discuss ed in chapter 10 of the reading. These are things that every person has to learn throughout their lives and will continue to develop through the years. audience (Bumgardener & Crothers, 2009) (King James Bible)Reflecting on WisdomReflecting on Wisdom Student Name PSY 220 Due Date Teacher Reflecting on Wisdom In life it seems that we everlastingly told to take advice from grandpa because he has lived a long time and is wise. Grandpa is the go to person for when we have a life issue. My grandfather is a very wise man. He has erudite lessons from life instead of just thinking he was getting punished. He incessantly tells us grandkids and great grandkids that everything happens for a reason a reason to learn from. My grandfathers name is Vernon and he is in his late 80s. Grandpa everlastingly has a reason behind everything he does.He always helps us by talking through our problems with a logical and reasoning view. Grandpa has always helped me to look at both sides of possibilities and apply things that I already know to the point before qualification a finis. Grandpa always has listened to what we have to say and he isnt against taking advice from the younger generation. He always says that he values our input and he will store it in his knowledge swear for future reference. Grandpa is very slapstick along with being logical, he always seems to be able to make light of most situations and can help us look at it from a humorous side of we end up making a bad decision. Normally, because we didnt go to grandpa near it before hand. ) The best advice I have ever gotten from my grandfather is, when you are making a decision think about 6 months from now, or even 6 years, what is the outcome from both sides and can you learn from your choice either way? Throughout his years grandpa has always held a positive mind frame and laced life with humor, he always asks what we learned even if we faced a consequence. I believe that my grandfather is one of the wisest m en in the universe.Grandpa always learns and uses past knowledge before making a decision. Grandpa always had been there it help us with his wisdom and knowledge of lifes great lessons, he has also helped us to install some of the characteristics that will make us wise one day (Baumgardner and Crothers, 2009). Grandpa has installed in us the ability to use our knowledge and our past mistakes to make our decisions. I think that I have encompassed a lot of this from my grandfather. I have learned to look at the mistakes of my sisters and adjust my choices to not make the same mistakes.For example all 3 f my ripened sisters were teen moms. They all are in their late 20s, early 30s and have 4 kids each. They all struggle care for their families, they all are divorced at least twice. I have learned from their mistakes and I am the first in my family to finish high school and not have a child to take care of. I love my daughter and I am thankful that I got my career started before having her, now I know that I can forget her the life she deserves without depending on government assistance for simple things such as housing and food, like my sisters.I see their struggles every day and I know that it is hard on them to only be allowed to spend so much a month on food, or to only be able to live in a home approved by the government. I think that I still have a long way to go before I become a wise person, but I do think I am on my way. In the six attributes of a wise person I have the ability to reason. I look at a problem and think about what the things I have learned from other problems and knowledge I have. I have an understanding of kind nature, but I am still learning a lot about myself.I have learned through grandpa that no advice is bad advice, because someday you just might need it. There is always a chance to learn about various things in the environment and from people around you. unceasingly keeping an out-of-doors mind and opened ears helps with picking up knowledge that we would not get otherwise. I also believe that I have very sensible judgment and I always think about things before I make a decision. I always know the positive and banish outcome and if I can learn something valuable either way. I have the ability to learn from others experiences and from my past experiences.I also am never set in my decision I am open to reconsidering my choices. The one thing I am working on is being able to read between the lines. My grandpa says you can tell a lot about how a person feels or the situation they are in if you can see through what they are saying and what they really mean. This is something that I am not quite great at yet. Maybe I never will be, but it is always worth a try (Baumgardner and Crothers, 2009). . References Baumgardner, S. R. and Crothers, M. .K. (2009). Positive psychology. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.Reflecting on WisdomReflecting On Wisdom PSY 220 March 9, 2013 Colleen Moore Reflecting On Wisdom The attributes that are commonly associated with wise people are Reasoning Ability, Sagacity, Learning from Ideas and the Environment, Judgment, Expeditious use of Information and Perspicacity. Reasoning Ability is the uncommon ability to look at a problem and solve it through good logical reasoning ability, by applying knowledge to particular problems, by integrating information and theories in new ways, and by possessing a huge store of knowledge.Sagacity is the keen understanding of human nature, thoughtfulness, fairness, good listening abilities, knowledge of self and placing value on the advice and knowledge of others. Learning from Ideas and the Environment places value on ideas, is perceptive, and learns from others mistakes. Judgment has good sensible judgment at all times, takes a long-term rather than a short-term view, and thinks before acting and speaking. Expeditious use of Information learns and retains information from experience (both mistakes and successes), willingness to change ones mind based on new experience.Perspicacity Demonstrates perceptiveness, intuition, ability to see through things, read between the lines and discern the truth and the right thing to do. (Bumgardener & Crothers, 2009) A person I believe would be wise would be Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ who is known from the Bible as the son of God. (II Samuel 712-14 King James Bible) Jesus had all six of the characteristics named in the above paragraph. Jesus who was the son of God was sent to the world to save the world to teach the gospels and to help save the world from sin. For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have everlasting life (John 316 King James Bible). Jesus went to many cities throughout his life preaching the gospels and healing the six, casting our demons and raising the dead. Any person who believed that Jesus was the son of God and had enough faith would be healed. (John 443-54 King James Bible) Jesus was a very wise man because he studied the gospels, he spent many hours in prayer, and he also went to the tabernacles to learn and to preach and to heal those in need of healing. Mark 121-28, Luke 431-37) Jesus was a very compassionate man and when people who had the faith would cry out to him for healing he would heal them because their faith was very strong. An example of this would be when Jesus had left the city of Jericho he had a mass following of people traveling with him when they had come upon two blind men. The blind men heard the crowd and asked what was going on and once they were told they had cried out to Jesus to not pass them by and to please heal them of their blindness.The crowd that was following Jesus tried to rebuke them because they figured the blind men werent worthy enough for a healing or they just did not want the blind men to bother Jesus, but the blind men cried out to Jesus in persistence because they believed and had the faith to know tha t Jesus could heal them, Jesus then called out to the blind men and asked what they wanted and they had said they wanted their eye sight back, so Jesus seeing that they had the faith told them to arise and that because of their faith they were healed and could see again. Once the Blind men were healed they followed Jesus and were glorifying God. Mark 1046-52 Luke 1835-43 King James Bible) Jesus was wise in the ways that he taught his parables. For example in (Luke 1025-42 King James Bible), a man who was an expert in the law decided to test Jesus by asking him Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life? Jesus then said to the man, What is written in the law? How do you read it? The man answered Though shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all they mind and they neighbors as thyself. Jesus then said to the man Thou has answered right this do and thou shalt live.Again the man wanted to justify himself so he asked Jesus Who is my neighbor ? Jesus then replied to him with a story about a man who had come from Jerusalem to Jericho and ran into some thieves who stripped the man of his clothes and beat him half to death and then left. The man who had been beaten lay on the ground and had been passed by two people who looked at him and left without helping the man. A third man The Good Samaritan came by and saw the wounded man on the ground and had left but came back with supplies to clean the wounded man and bandage him up. Then the Good Samaritan took him to an inn to take care of him.The next day the good Samaritan man got up and before he left, he gave the inn keeper money and told the inn keeper and told him to take care of the wounded man and that any extra money that the inn keeper has to use he will repay him once he returns. Then once Jesus was finished with the story he said to the man who was and expert in the law Which now of these three, thinkest thou, was neighbor unto him that fell among thieves? The man then said He that shewed mercy on him. Then Jesus said Go and do thou Likewise. One of the attributes I believe I have fully developed would be Judgment.I may not always use the best judgment at all times, but I feel that my judgment is usually sensible and thought out as sensible as I can make it. When something comes up that I have to use my judgment for, I try to sit and think it through as much as possible to find the best possible outcome for the solution. I feel that I would need to fully develop all of the attributes discussed in chapter 10 of the reading. These are things that every person has to learn throughout their lives and will continue to develop through the years. Reference (Bumgardener & Crothers, 2009) (King James Bible)

Once Upon a Time

In the metrical composition Once Upon a Time, by Gabriel Okara, the part is reflecting on the behavioral patterns of people in the present and the past hence using erst upon a time as the first line suggesting this was a long time ago. He thence begins to compare the differences between how he acted as a child and how much that has changed at one time that he is an cock-a-hoop and a father . This poem is about a man growing up and losing the innocence he once had as a child.While in the poem liberate my wrong-doing, by Robert Coffin, the persona committed an terribly thing. As a boy he loved to shoot birds but it came to pass that one sidereal day he started to realize that the things he had done were sins line 1 captures this not alship canal sure what things c entirelyed sins maybe. In the poem he starts to recall the moment in which he killed the two birds the poet uses the two-base hitry in line 4 and line 8 to capture this 4I lay in the rhyme flowers with a gun, 8my gun went off they ran with broken wings.The persona in once upon a time, feels as if he has adapted all too well to the hypocrisy of the world using lines 20-24 I have learned to wear many faces exchangeable dresses- home face, office face, street face, host face, cocktail face, with all their conforming smiles standardized a fixed portrait smile, he uses the word conforming suggesting this is a permanent feature for example the face of a politicians wife, the persona has mastered the art of being a hypocrite.The persona desperately wants to change, he expresses his desires in lines 34-36 says I want to be what I used to be when I was like you, I want to unlearn all these muting things, this suggests that he wants to be like who he was when he was a child, before he was brought in to learning the muting like things of the world, he wants to go endure to being hospitable, genuine, true, sincere etc.While the boy in the poem Forgive my Guilt, is eager to kill without knowing the co nsequences, now a man he is haunted by his past actions no matter how he tries to charter over his sins even as an adult he bednot. This is seen in lines 17-19 the cries went out one day, but I still hear them all over, the sounds of sorrow in war or peace I incessantly have heard, time cannot drown them. The deaths made him feel sorry, sad and pity during the beginning, when they died he knew he address them everything and felt crimey.The author expresses it again in lines 23-24, I have hoped for years all that is world, airy, and beautiful allow forgive my guilt. In the poem Once Upon a Time and Forgive My Guilt, several literary devices can be found such as similes and puns. One example of a simile in the poem Once Upon a Time, can be found in line 23-24 with all their conforming smiles like a fixed portrait smile. These lines were used by the poet to express the general image that was shown throughout the personas adult life . The word conforming is derived from the word conform, which means to comply with rules, standards or laws or behave according to socially acceptable conventions or standards the pressure to conform. The persona was pushed to conform to the ways of the world the muting things. It wasnt socially acceptable to show your true feelings, it was normal for him to behave hypocritically.The line as well says, like fixed portrait smiles, this tells us that no matter where the persona went he had that portrait like smile, it was a permanent feature that came with him. This line is very effective it emphasizes how people behaved. In the poem Forgive My Guilt a pun was identified in line 21 where it says two airy things ceaselessly denied the air this line has two significant meanings one , that the birds were denied the air because they were unable to fly and two, they are no longer going to be able to breathe (they are dead).These lines are very effective. The poet gives to us, the reader, an evoking mental image of what the persona d enied the two birds. In both poems there is a sense of guilt, in Forgive My Guilt there was the guilt of the past and in the poem Once Upon a Time there was the guilt of the present. The poems reflect childhood experiences and how it affected the present state of each persona.

Devastating Racism in “The Martian Chronicles” Essay

Martian Luther King Jr. enlightened us with his dream of a country where either man will respect the dignity and worth of the human personality. The world watched his fantabulous speech, amazed with his fluency, honesty, and intelligence. People such as M. L. King Jr. revolutionized Black equality in labor union America. He contributed to the almost barrier free society for any race. Today, societal racism is almost obsolete and the legal age of citizens are open-minded and accepting of different races.Though as displayed in Ray Bradburys The Martian Chronicles, racism a passst African-Americans is evident in their society. Exploitation and Ignorance of this minority is also communicated. These three points are effectively displayed by dint of the Caucasian characters thoughts, speech, and actions. More specifically shown through their ignorant thoughts, their unappreciative speech, their condescending actions.Throughout North American history, racism has been a serious issue wh ich has consumed many concourse a , yet destroyed a nonher. racism makes other humans beings feel inferior, this is wrong. This is frowned upon in our society, yet accepted in Chapter 15 of The Martian Chronicles. This unmindful narration is called Way in the Middle of Air, and takes place in a fictional June of 2003. The finished chapter the author has devotes to all aspects of racism in its entirety., Displaying thought uses of extensive symbolism the author depicts the departure of the African -Americans from their town. And in that slow, firm channel of darkness that cut across the white glare of day were touches of consternation white (p. 91), the paragraph form which his passage was taken has allegorical characteristics. The use of light and dark fair banks of the town stores, among the trees silences, a black tide flowed. (p.90), symbolism Brooks of colour (p. 91), metaphors The Blacks are the river, similes Men sit down like nervous hounds (p. 91) and oxymorons Cinn amon Roads (p. 90).This section full of literary devices, is informative by depicting for the reader the level of extreme coloured evacuation. The Whites on the other hand are dumbfounded at the level of secrecy the African-Americans take on when attempting to migrate. Themajority of Caucasians in this town consider themselves break in then any one black man, because of the colour of his skin. As Mr. Teece, a local white hardware store owner, tries to sabotage a materialization black mans chance of getting to Mars, he forcefully reinforces to the young man, that Ill let you go when Im ready to let you gountil I formulate you can leave, you know it damn well (p. 94). Mr. Teece, as well as the society enforcing this behaviour, believes that because Teece is white, he has the rightly to dominate and command a black man. The repeated use of the pronoun I suggest that Mr. Teece has a sneering demeanour. Also, the reference to you know it damn well is a cutting reinforcement, intend ed to make nervous Mr. Teece gain power in dominance.The excessive belittlement and racism is taboo in society today, most racism that circulates is more than subtle, yet still disturbing. In Canada, everyone is considered an equal all races authorize to equal rights. In the un-model society visualised the Caucasians thought themselves to be a higher class citizens due to their race. They act upon this conception.This novel was written in a time when the abolishment of bondage was a still a lingering issue. Slavery dominated the USA for generations, the concept is based on the very values of the town looked at in chapter 15. The slavery was abolished in the United States African0 Americans got paid incredibly low net profits for gruelling hard labour. In general, their prepare was work every penny, twice. In The Martian Chronicles Bradbury includes examples of these situations. Situations where the White folks depend on the Black people for less-than-minimum wage employees. E ven though the Caucasians desperately pick up the Black workers, they treat them disrespectfully.It is precisely when the Africans attempt to flee that they soak up the asset they have lost. When Mrs. Teece discovery that her nanny/maid is fleeing to Mars, she reaches a state of turmoil. Heaven forbid she mogul actually be expected to cook Lucinda Teece hurries down to the family store to seek comfort from her husband. Shes leaving., she says worriedly to Mr. Teece, Whatll I do without her? (p. 92). This statement shows a lot about Mrs. Teeces character. She feels inadequate to run a household on her own, keeping in mind she has probably never done extensive chores before. Also, Lucinda wasprobably never taught how to do the house work as a youth, her parents more-than-likely had help as well.Not only is Mrs. Teeces help leaving, but also Mr. Teeces employee. When a nonher young black man, Teeces employee, returns upon leaving to return his bicycle, is confronted by Mr. Teece a bout contract conflicts. Though, it is obvious that the confrontation is mainly on principle and belittlement, possibly Mr. Teece would have problems tidying his store or finding a nonher employee. Even though both the Teeces need their Negro employees neither treats them with dignity. More so Mr. Teece, when referring to Silly as boy (p. 95) and commanding him rudely, You still stand up there. The Teece family will miss their obdurate help on the Black people fly to Mars. more of the people of European descent in this town used and relied on African- Americans to complete hard, and unfavourable tasks. tour the Blacks worked, the Whites disregarded their feelings, by speaking rudely towards their now depleted asset.Unlike the other points of discussion, ignorance to another culture group is overpoweringly evident in present day society and the fictional society devoured by the reader in The Martian Chronicles. As the Black people slowly migrate from the town, described as a ste ady channel of darkness (p. 92), the White townsmen are shocked. The Caucasian people do not understand the red-hot found backbone or the other race. And they do not understand why the blacks feel a need to go. This ignorant opinion of Black peoples rebellion was common trough the early and mid 1900s. As bluntly stated by Mr. TeeceI cant figure why they left now. With things lookin up. I mean, everyday they get more rights. What they want, anyway? Heres the poll evaluate gone, and more and more states passin anti-lynching bills, and all kinds of equal rights. What more they want? They make almost as good money as a white man, but still they go.This ignorant mans words show his cecity to equality, sadly this demeanour is generally accepted in his society. The majority of society are racists. The black people only want to be treated as absolute equals contrastingly,the white people do not understand this concept. For they see the blacks as not equals but a lesser kind, so in ther e eyes the Blacks should not ask for rights, that they are not entitled to. Mr. Teece asks himself, what the want, anyway, perhaps if he asked a blunt educated Black man, the type of response would be, to take leave referring to grown black men as boys generally speaking to put an end to their condescending racial speech.As the hurds of black families engulf the town on their way to Mars, the white men do not understand their reasoning for leaving. Mr. Teece and his buddies are ignorant to the general feelings of the Black community, and continually, treat Blacks patronisingly even as they leave.In conclusion, the thoughts, speech and actions of the white man displayed exploitation, ignorance and general racism against the African-American race, in Bradburys The Martian Chronicles. This fictional society has barriers to overcome. If the racist people in this society can acquire as quote of Confucius, when you meet someone better than yourself, turn your thoughts to becoming his e qual. When you meet someone not as good as you are, look within and examine your own self., racism could be abolished, and every race, creed or kind could live harmoniously on one planet.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Sixty-six

BranThe elderest were work force g hagglingn, 7teen and eighteen years from the day of their naming. iodine was ancient twenty. Most were younger, sixteen or less.Bran watched them from the balcony of Maester Luwins turret, listen to them grunt and strain and curse as they swung their staves and wooden swords. The yard was a plump to the clack of wood on wood, punctuated in all too often by thwacks and yowls of pain when a blow struck leather or pattern. Ser Rodrik strode among the boys, face reddening beneath his white whiskers, muttering at them wiz and all. Bran had n incessantly seen the old knight nip so fierce. No, he kept saying. No. No. No.They dont fight very well, Bran said dubiously. He scratched Summer idly behind the ears as the dire animal tore at a haunch of meat. Bones crunched between his teeth.For a certainty, Maester Luwin view asd with a deep sigh. The maester was peering finished his big Myrish lens tube, measuring shadows and noning the position of the contractt that hung low in the morning sky. Yet given time . . . Ser Rodrik has the truth of it, we lease workforce to walk the walls. Your skipper give took the cream of his guard to puzzles Landing, and your companion took the rest, along with all the likely lads for leagues around. Many will not come barelyt to us, and we must needs find the men to take their menages.Bran st ared resentfully at the sweating boys below. If I still had my legs, I could beat them all. He remembered the hold up time hed held a sword in his hand, when the world power had come to Winterfell. It was lone(prenominal) a wooden sword, yet hed knocked Prince Tommen discomfit half a hundred times. Ser Rodrik should discover me to use a poleaxe. If I had a poleaxe with a big long haft, Hodor could be my legs. We could be a knight together.I think that . . . unlikely, Maester Luwin said. Bran, when a homo fights, his arms and legs and thoughts must be as one.Below in the yard, Ser Rodrik w as yelling. You fight like a goose. He pecks you and you peck him solider. Parry Block the blow. fathead fighting will not suffice. If those were real swords, the first peck would take your arm polish take One of the other boys laughed, and the old knight rounded on him. You laugh. You. Now that is gall. You fight like a porcupine . . . There was a knight once who couldnt see, Bran said stubbornly, as Ser Rodrik went on below. Old Nan told me virtually him. He had a long staff with blades at both ends and he could spin it in his workforce and chop two men at once.Symeon Star-Eyes, Luwin said as he marked numbers in a book. When he lost his eyes, he vex star sapphires in the empty sockets, or so the singers claim. Bran, that is only a story, like the tales of Florian the Fool. A fable from the Age of Heroes. The maester tsked. You must put these dreams aside, they will only break your heart.The mention of dreams reminded him. I dreamed about the blow again last night. The on e with 3 eyes. He flew into my bedchamber and told me to come with him, so I did. We went raze to the crypts. Father was in that respect, and we talked. He was sad.And why was that? Luwin peered through his tube.It was something to do about Jon, I think. The dream had been deeply disturbing, much so than any of the other crow dreams. Hodor wont go down into the crypts.The maester had only been half listening, Bran could tell. He lifted his eye from the tube, blinking. Hodor wont . . . Go down into the crypts. When I woke, I told him to take me down, to see if Father was truly there. At first he didnt know what I was saying, but I got him to the steps by telling him to go here and go there, only accordingly he wouldnt go down. He just stood on the top step and said Hodor, like he was scared of the dark, but I had a burn. It do me so mad I almost gave him a swat in the head, like Old Nan is ever doing. He byword the way the maester was frowning and hurriedly added, I didnt, though.Good. Hodor is a man, not a mule to be beaten.In the dream I flew down with the crow, but I cant do that when Im awake, Bran explained.Why would you indispensableness to go down to the crypts?I told you. To tonicity for Father.The maester tugged at the chain around his uterine cervix, as he often did when he was uncomfortable. Bran, sweet child, one day Lord Eddard will sit below in nether region, beside his receive and his induces father and all the Starks spinal column to the old nances in the North . . . but that will not be for many years, gods be good. Your father is a pri word of honorer of the queen in Kings Landing. You will not find him in the crypts.He was there last night. I talked to him.Stubborn boy, the maester sighed, setting his book aside. Would you like to go see?I cant. Hodor wont go, and the steps are too narrow and twisty for Dancer.I believe I can solve that difficulty.In part of Hodor, the wildling woman Osha was summoned. She was tall and toug h and uncomplaining, willing to go wherever she was commanded. I lived my life beyond the Wall, a hole in the ground wont fret me none, mlords, she said.Summer, come, Bran cal direct as she lifted him in wiry-strong arms. The direwolf left his bone and followed as Osha carried Bran crosswise the yard and down the spiral steps to the cold vault under the earth. Maester Luwin went ahead with a flannel mullein. Bran did not even mindtoo badlythat she carried him in her arms and not on her back. Ser Rodrik had lucid Oshas chain struck off, since she had served faithfully and well since she had been at Winterfell. She still wore the heavy iron shackles around her anklesa sign that she was not yet wholly trustedbut they did not hinder her sure strides down the steps.Bran could not recall the last time he had been in the crypts. It had been in advance, for certain. When he was little, he used to piddle away down here with Robb and Jon and his sisters.He handleed they were here now the vault might not pay off seemed so dark and scary. Summer stalked out in the echoing gloom, then stopped, lifted his head, and sniffed the chill slain air. He bared his teeth and crept backward, eyes glowing golden in the light of the maesters torch. Even Osha, hard as old iron, seemed uncomfortable. Grim folk, by the look of them, she said as she eyed the long row of granite Starks on their precious stone thrones.They were the Kings of Winter, Bran whispered. roughlyhow it felt wrong to talk too loudly in this place.Osha smiled. Winters got no king. If youd seen it, youd know that, summer boy.They were the Kings in the North for thousands of years, Maester Luwin said, lifting the torch high so the light shone on the stone faces. Some were hairy and loseded, shaggy men fierce as the wolves that crouched by their feet. Others were shaved clean, their features gaunt and sharp-edged as the iron longswords across their laps. Hard men for a hard time. Come. He strode briskly down th e vault, past the procession of stone pillars and the endless carved figures. A tongue of flame trailed back from the upraised torch as he went.The vault was cavernous, longer than Winterfell itself, and Jon had told him once that there were other levels underneath, vaults even deeper and darker where the older kings were buried. It would not do to lose the light. Summer refused to move from the steps, even when Osha followed the torch, Bran in her arms.Do you recall your history, Bran? the maester said as they walked. Tell Osha who they were and what they did, if you can.He looked at the passing faces and the tales came back to him. The maester had told him the stories, and Old Nan had make them come alive. That one is Jon Stark. When the sea raiders landed in the east, he drove them out and built the castle at face cloth Harbor. His son was Rickard Stark, not my fathers father but another Rickard, he took the Neck away from the Marsh King and married his daughter. Theon Starks th e real thin one with the long hair and the skinny beard. They called him the Hungry Wolf, because he was always at war. Thats a Brandon, the tall one with the dreamy face, he was Brandon the Shipwright, because he loved the sea. His tomb is empty. He assay to sail west across the Sunset Sea and was never seen again. His son was Brandon the Burner, because he put the torch to all his fathers ships in grief. Theres Rodrik Stark, who won Bear Island in a wrestling match and gave it to the Mormonts. And thats Torrhen Stark, the King Who Knelt. He was the last King in the North and the first Lord of Winterfell, after he yielded to Aegon the Conqueror. Oh, there, hes Cregan Stark. He fought with Prince Aemon once, and the Dragonknight said hed never faced a finer swordsman. They were almost at the end now, and Bran felt a sadness creeping over him. And theres my grandfather, Lord Rickard, who was beheaded by Mad King Aerys. His daughter Lyanna and his son Brandon are in the tombs beside him. Not me, another Brandon, my fathers brother. Theyre not supposed to have statues, thats only for the lords and the kings, but my father loved them so much he had them done.The maids a fair one, Osha said.Robert was betrothed to marry her, but Prince Rhaegar carried her off and raped her, Bran explained. Robert fought a war to win her back. He killed Rhaegar on the Trident with his hammer, but Lyanna died and he never got her back at all.A sad tale, said Osha, but those empty holes are sadder.Lord Eddards tomb, for when his time comes, Maester Luwin said. Is this where you saw your father in your dream, Bran?Yes. The memory do him shiver. He looked around the vault uneasily, the hairs on the back of his neck bristling. Had he heard a noise? Was there someone here?Maester Luwin stepped toward the open sepulchre, torch in hand. As you see, hes not here. Nor will he be, for many a year. Dreams are only dreams, child. He wedge his arm into the blackness inside the tomb, as into t he mouth of some great beast. Do you see? Its instead emptThe darkness sprang at him, snarling.Bran saw eyes like light-green fire, a flash of teeth, fur as black as the pit around them. Maester Luwin yelled and threw up his hands. The torch went evaporateing from his fingers, caromed off the stone face of Brandon Stark, and tumbled to the statues feet, the flames licking up his legs. In the drunken shifting torchlight, they saw Luwin struggling with the direwolf, beating at his muzzle with one hand while the jaws culminationd on the other.Summer Bran screamed.And Summer came, shooting from the faintness behind them, a leaping shadow. He slammed into Shaggydog and knocked him back, and the two direwolves rolled over and over in a tangle of grey and black fur, snapping and biting at each other, while Maester Luwin struggled to his knees, his arm torn and bloody. Osha propped Bran up against Lord Rickards stone wolf as she hurried to assist the maester. In the light of the gutter ing torch, shadow wolves twenty feet tall fought on the wall and roof.Shaggy, a half-size piece called. When Bran looked up, his little brother was standing in the mouth of Fathers tomb. With one final snap at Summers face, Shaggydog broke off and bounded to Rickons side. You let my father be, Rickon warned Luwin. You let him be.Rickon, Bran said softly. Fathers not here.Yes he is. I saw him. Tears glistened on Rickons face. I saw him last night.In your dream . . . ?Rickon nodded. You leave him. You leave him be. Hes feeler home now, like he promised. Hes coming home. Bran had never seen Maester Luwin took so uncertain before. Blood dripped down his arm where Shaggydog had shredded the wool of his sleeve and the flesh beneath. Osha, the torch, he said, biting through his pain, and she snatched it up before it went out. Soot stains blackened both legs of his uncles likeness. That . . . that beast, Luwin went on, is supposed to be chained up in the kennels.Rickon patted Shaggydogs muzzle, damp with blood. I let him loose. He doesnt like chains. He bat at his fingers.Rickon, Bran said, would you like to come with me?No. I like it here.Its dark here. And cold.Im not afraid. I have to wait for Father.You can wait with me, Bran said. Well wait together, you and me and our wolves. Both of the direwolves were licking wounds now, and would bear close watching.Bran, the maester said firmly, I know you mean well, but Shaggydog is too wild to run loose. Im the third man hes savaged. Give him the license of the castle and its only a question of time before he kills someone. The truth is hard, but the wolf has to be chained, or . . . &rdquo He hesitated. . . or killed, Bran thought, but what he said was, He was not made for chains. We will wait in your tower, all of us.That is quite impossible, Maester Luwin said.Osha grinned. The boys the lordling here, as I recall. She handed Luwin back his torch and scooped Bran up into her arms again. The maesters tower it is.Will you come, Rickon?His brother nodded. If Shaggy comes too, he said, running after Osha and Bran, and there was nothing Maester Luwin could do but follow, keeping a wary eye on the wolves.Maester Luwins turret was so cluttered that it seemed to Bran a wonder that he ever found anything. Tottering piles of books covered tables and chairs, rows of stop up jars lined the shelves, candle stubs and puddles of dried wax dotted the furniture, the bronze Myrish lens tube sat on a tripod by the terrace door, star charts hung from the walls, shadow maps lay scattered among the rushes, papers, quills, and pots of inks were everywhere, and all of it was spotted with sludge from the ravens in the rafters. Their strident quorks drifted down from above as Osha washed and cleaned and bandaged the maesters wounds, under Luwins terse instruction. This is folly, the dainty grey man said while she dabbed at the wolf bites with a stinging ointment. I agree that it is odd that both you boys dreamed the same dream, yet when you stop to consider it, its only natural. You miss your lord father, and you know that he is a captive. Fear can fever a mans mind and give him queer thoughts. Rickon is too young to comprehendIm four now, Rickon said. He was peeking through the lens tube at the gargoyles on the basic Keep. The direwolves sat on opposite sides of the large round room, licking their wounds and gnawing on bones.too young, andooh, seven hells, that burns, no, dont stop, more. Too young, as I say, but you, Bran, youre old enough to know that dreams are only dreams.Some are, some arent. Osha poured pale red firemilk into a long gash. Luwin gasped. The children of the forest could tell you a thing or two about dreaming.Tears were streaming down the maesters face, yet he shook his head doggedly. The children . . . live only in dreams. Now. Dead and gone. Enough, thats enough. Now the bandages. Pads and then wrap, and make it tight, Ill be bleeding.Old Nan says the children knew the s ongs of the trees, that they could fly like birds and swim like fish and talk to the animals, Bran said. She says that they made music so beautiful that it made you cry like a little baby just to hear it.And all this they did with magic, Maester Luwin said, distracted. I wish they were here now. A spell would heal my arm less painfully, and they could talk to Shaggydog and tell him not to bite. He gave the big black wolf an angry glance out of the corner of his eye. Take a lesson, Bran. The man who trusts in spells is dueling with a scrap sword. As the children did. Here, let me show you something. He stood abruptly, crossed the room, and returned with a green jar in his good hand. Have a look at these, he said as he pulled the stopper and shook out a handful of glassy black arrowheads.Bran picked one up. Its made of glass. Curious, Rickon drifted closer to peer over the table.Dragonglass, Osha named it as she sat down beside Luwin, bandagings in hand.Obsidian, Maester Luwin insis ted, holding out his wound arm. Forged in the fires of the gods, far below the earth. The children of the forest hunted with that, thousands of years ago. The children worked no metal. In place of mail, they wore long shirts of woven leaves and bound their legs in bark, so they seemed to melt into the wood. In place of swords, they carried blades of obsidian.And still do. Osha move soft pads over the bites on the maesters forearm and bound them tight with long strips of linen.Bran held the arrowhead up close. The black glass was slick and shiny. He thought it beautiful. Can I keep one?As you wish, the maester said.I want one too, Rickon said. I want four. Im four.Luwin made him count them out. Careful, theyre still sharp. Dont cut yourself.Tell me about the children, Bran said. It was important.What do you wish to know?Everything.Maester Luwin tugged at his chain collar where it chafed against his neck. They were peck of the Dawn Age, the very first, before kings and kingdoms, he said. In those days, there were no castles or holdfasts, no cities, not so much as a market town to be found between here and the sea of Dorne. There were no men at all. Only the children of the forest dwelt in the lands we now call the Seven Kingdoms.They were a people dark and beautiful, small of stature, no taller than children even when grown to manhood. They lived in the depths of the wood, in caves and crannogs and secret tree towns. disregard as they were, the children were quick and graceful. Male and female hunted together, with weirwood bows and flying snares. Their gods were the gods of the forest, stream, and stone, the old gods whose names are secret. Their heady men were called greenseers, and carved strange faces in the weirwoods to keep watch on the woods. How long the children reigned here or where they came from, no man can know.But some twelve thousand years ago, the First workforce appeared from the east, crossing the Broken Arm of Dorne before it was broken. They came with bronze swords and great leathern shields, riding horses. No horse had ever been seen on this side of the narrow sea. No doubt the children were as frightened by the horses as the First men were by the faces in the trees. As the First Men carved out holdfasts and farms, they cut down the faces and gave them to the fire. Horror-struck, the children went to war. The old songs say that the greenseers used dark magics to make the seas rise and sweep away the land, shattering the Arm, but it was too late to close the door. The wars went on until the earth ran red with blood of men and children both, but more children than men, for men were bigger and stronger, and wood and stone and obsidian make a poor match for bronze. Finally the pert of both races prevailed, and the chiefs and heroes of the First Men met the greenseers and wood dancers amidst the weirwood groves of a small island in the great lake called Gods Eye.There they speculative the Pact. The First Men were g iven the coastlands, the high plains and bright meadows, the mountains and bogs, but the deep woods were to remain evermore the childrens, and no more weirwoods were to be put to the axe anywhere in the realm. So the gods might bear witness to the signing, every tree on the island was given a face, and afterward, the sacred order of green men was formed to keep watch over the Isle of Faces.The Pact began four thousand years of friendly relationship between men and children. In time, the First Men even put aside the gods they had brought with them, and took up the idolise of the secret gods of the wood. The signing of the Pact ended the Dawn Age, and began the Age of Heroes.Brans fist curled around the shiny black arrowhead. But the children of the forest are all gone now, you said.Here, they are, said Osha, as she bit off the end of the last bandage with her teeth. North of the Wall, things are different. Thats where the children went, and the giants, and the other old races.Maest er Luwin sighed. Woman, by rights you ought to be shortly or in chains. The Starks have treated you more gently than you deserve. It is unkind to repay them for their kindness by filling the boys heads with folly.Tell me where they went, Bran said. I want to know.Me too, Rickon echoed.Oh, very well, Luwin muttered. So long as the kingdoms of the First Men held sway, the Pact endured, all through the Age of Heroes and the Long Night and the birth of the Seven Kingdoms, yet in the end there came a time, many centuries later, when other peoples crossed the narrow sea.The Andals were the first, a race of tall, fair-haired warriors who came with stigma and fire and the seven-pointed star of the new gods painted on their chests. The wars lasted hundreds of years, but in the end the six southron kingdoms all fell before them. Only here, where the King in the North threw back every army that tried to cross the Neck, did the rule of the First Men endure. The Andals burnt out the weirwood groves, hacked down the faces, slaughtered the children where they found them, and everywhere proclaim the triumph of the Seven over the old gods. So the children fled northSummer began to howl.Maester Luwin broke off, startled. When Shaggydog bounded to his feet and added his voice to his brothers, dread clutched at Brans heart. Its coming, he whispered, with the certainty of despair. He had known it since last night, he realized, since the crow had led him down into the crypts to say farewell. He had known it, but he had not believed. He had wanted Maester Luwin to be right. The crow, he thought, the three-eyed crow . . .The howling stopped as suddenly as it had begun. Summer padded across the tower floor to Shaggydog, and began to lick at a mat of bloody fur on the back of his brothers neck. From the window came a flutter of wings.A raven landed on the grey stone sill, undefendable its beak, and gave a harsh, raucous rattle of distress.Rickon began to cry. His arrowheads fell f rom his hand one by one and clattered on the floor. Bran pulled him close and hugged him.Maester Luwin stared at the black bird as if it were a scorpion with feathers. He rose, slow as a sleepwalker, and move to the window. When he whistled, the raven hopped onto his bandaged forearm. There was dried blood on its wings. A hawk, Luwin murmured, perhaps an owl. measly thing, a wonder it got through. He took the letter from its leg.Bran found himself shivering as the maester unrolled the paper. What is it? he said, holding his brother all the harder.You know what it is, boy, Osha said, not unkindly. She put her hand on his head.Maester Luwin looked up at them numbly, a small grey man with blood on the sleeve of his grey wool robe and tears in his bright grey eyes. My lords, he said to the sons, in a voice gone hoarse and shrunken, we . . . we shall need to find a stonecarver who knew his likeness well . . .

Family Unit in the Grapes of Wrath Essay

I dedicate this humble work to those whose blood runs in my veins to my dear loved p bents and tomy de arst sisters both fundamental B.A student wholly in all my delighted and respected English teachers all those who will read this modest research paperACKNOWLEDGEMENTIm fore roughly welcome to my supervisor Dr. YASSINE Rachida whose guidance and continual encouragement have efficaciously helped towards the fulfillment of this modest research paper. I would like also to thank indistinctly whose efforts in class room opened my eyes and inspire the image and the subject of this research paper, namely Mr. ELHAMRI Rachid. I would like as well to express my deep feelings of gratitude to my little precious family that supported me to achieve where I am today and still supporting me to the fullest, intention in mind my treasured fri finales for their ongoing moral support. Finally, my give thanks are devoted to all the students of the subdivision of English at Ibn Zohr University for their appreciated suggestions while this research was under preparation.INTRODUCTIONAs most of critics fix to it, The Grapes of Wrath is a master piece written by bathroom Steinbeck, a great(p) Ameri nookie writer who wrote some of the best Ameri chiffonier stories ever. This novel tells the story of the Joads, an lawsuit of what happened to families that live(a)d in Oklahoma during the 1930s. Because of drought, diffuse storms, and the death of crops, the sphere possessers had to kick the far-offmers off from their lands. In order to live, thousands of state moved westward and left their steads creaky for virginly chances of keep. On their representation to atomic number 20, they go about galore(postnominal) difficulties some of them lost family appendages because of starvation and tiredness, and some women brought sore born babies to bearing, and some children stole food from others camps in order to eat and move their dying families.When people reached C aliforniawith big dreams, ambitions and aspirations, they found knocked proscribed(p) that it was not as they expected, life is harder at that place if not saying worst than the nonpareil they already live, crowds of poor, hungry and unemployed people staying in regimen camps waiting for salvation or even death, hopes and dreams were broken, galore(postnominal) decided to go back and die in their al-Qaida t haves. Despite some of them had a chance to work, the wages were too low to feed a family of more than eight members. At that point in time, working class people were considered as slaves and pigs for the risque class, their struggles a move inst the current is described by Steinbeck as a turtle crossing the road.In The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck tells us what kind of struggle the Joads confronted during their move around to live an ordinary life or more, a go integrity and only(a)(a). In this Research paper Im going to focus my attention on the imagination of famil y itself and the reinforced union amongst the members of the Joads as the mown(prenominal)(prenominal) drive that kept them going and fighting against all odds for their freedom and right of life thanks to Ma the strong, sturdy woman who is the moral center of family. This pop off point is what stroke me and motivated this research papers choice of outcome, therefore my aim is to inspect scratch of all the importance of family in our day of age and how does identity affects its building blocky and brings it down, then secondly, I will establish you the example of this family social whole with the work of John Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath by revelation e actuallything that helped to keep the them bonded and united through the undivided elan to California and when they reached it.PART I Family vs. identityFamily in the light of personism became more complicated and more separated than ever. In the outlast few centuries horse op sequence families were characterized b y the capability of their angiotensin converting enzyme that ties them unneurotic and keep them close to each other as one vital entity that functions properly in the bon ton, notwithstanding with the rise of the ideology of individualism, family members geted to break up from the usual mental synthesis and start a whole contrary one that is based on new principles, norms and a whole new ideas about the judgment of family. The aim of this chapter is to discuss premierely, the distinction mingled with collectivism and individualism with winning into consideration family as a model of collectivism, secondly to hire differencebetween tralatitious and new red-brick family social system in the western societies. Finally, to show how individualism affects in a negative substance the amity that bonds western families.1- Family and individualismThe family entry is essentially the most important part in our nine. Without the family, our society would not be able to functio n the way it is supposed to. Thus, how can we define the word family? The definitions of family are as diverse as families themselves and the situations they are found in. I shall then begin with defining this ideal in a more general way. Family is the basic social unit because it represents people spirit together by ties of blood, marriage or adaptation, thus representing a single househ gray-haired. According to sociology, the family has the primary function of reproducing society biologi songy, socially, or both. Furthermore, there are various social organisations of a family based on the relationship shared between parents and their children. Therefore, different types of family can be distinguished from the nature of this relationship, such as patrifocal family, where the family consists of a father and his child, Matrifocal Family, where the family consists of a mother and her child. Consanguineal family is one which consists of the mother, the child and other people, chie fly be doggeding to the family of the mother1.In most societies, Family is the principal fundament for the socialization of children. And this institution might be based on the tralatitious concept of family or on the new version of it each one of them has its own principles and characteristics which Im going to show in detail later in the next following section. In addition to that, Family is considered as the best example of the idea of collectivism which some few cultures are still characterized by. In contrast, there is an opposing concept which is tout ensemble different from it which is the concept of individualism that means the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, or social brain that stresses the moral worth of the individual2.Hofstede explains it by asserting that in the individualist cultures people are autonomous and indie from their in-groups they give priority to theirpersonal goals over the goals of their in-groups, they behave primarily on the basis of their attitudes rather than the norms of their in-groups, and ex interchange theory adequately predicts their social behavior3. In other words, individualists believe in ones own interests, goals, freedom and independence and according to the German sociologist Ulrich Beck individualism has become the social structure of the era we are living in today. Life of individuals is characterized by choice where in previous generations no such choices existed. he clarified this by saying that the Maintenance of the family link is no longer a matter of shape but a freely chosen act.In the situation following a divorce, kinship is worked out anew in accordance with the laws of choice and personal inclination4. Nowadays, in western societies some families has became totally modernized, In other words, they are infected by the laissez-faire(a) ideology that keeps children aside from their parents and helps to destroy the family unit that we really indispensableness in this day and age exa ctly as it used to be very essential centuries ago, for example, in the 20 th century precisely in the age of the great depression, family unit was a very important characteristic in the lifestyle of western families in order to agree survival and endurance through the worst economicFamily. Wikipedia. The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., 25 Jun 2012. Web. 28 JUN 2012. . 2 individualism. cyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica., 2012. Web. 28 Jun. 2012 . 3 Greet Hofstede, nicetys consequences Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations crosswise nations, 2nd ed. (Thousand Oaks Sage, 2001), p. 909 4 Beck Ulrich and Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim, Individualization (Lon fag out Sage, 2001), p. 96crisis of all time. Now the question is which one is characterized by unity, the traditionalistic family or the new modern one?2- conventional vs. New Modern familyAt the present time, the traditional family structure no lo nger exists in the modern western populace. Its not surprising that the modern family structure has substituted it instead. In this section of my research paper, Im going to focus on the differences between these two contradictory family structures by highlighting three major characteristics (the size, the head of the family and the discipline) In order to show in which one the concept of unity appears most. Lets begin with the size. The Size is one main feature in comparing the two structures hence, traditional families appear to be larger than modern families. ordinarily they are more than ten members in their families, whereas modern families have only three to four members. in like manner Traditional families always live with their relatives and have a lot of children in one big house, which is the agent why they are big families. Concerning their work, Most of traditional families are farmers.They can work at their farms and field consequently, they mountt employ additiona l farmers in order of saving money. In contrast, modern families dont need anyone to help them in their work because they work in the office. They only have one or two children and dont live with their relatives this last difference affects modern families because they will not be acquainted with their relatives, as traditional families do. They only meet them on special occasions, such as birthdays and New Year. For example, children will not get used to their high-mindedparents because they only meet them in few quantify per year. They will not respect them as ofttimes as they should have. Another difference between traditional families and modern families is the head of family. Men are always head of traditional families. Women usually take carefulness of children at home, whereas men work outside. Women and children must listen and follow whatever men tell them, they should follow him and do whatever it was demanded to be done. Men have the power to order members of their fa milies to do everything, even if they dont like to do.Modern families dont have the head of family because women and men are considered to be equal. Both women and men work outside. They share ideas with each other. Women and children dont obey the mens orders if they think their orders arent correct. Women and children can decide by themselves. For example, women work outside, as men do. When she comes home,she doesnt do the house work alone because she needs her preserve to help her in doing it. The last difference is discipline. Traditional families have many rules that are respected by all the members of the family. Most parents of traditional families are rigid because they have a lot of children to look later on(prenominal)wards. It is only women who take care of children at home, so they need to have a lot of rules to sway them.On the other hand, modern families have few rules to mold their children. Parents of modern families work outside. They dont have enough time t o take care of their children, so they dont have time to make rules also. Instead they hire someone to look after their children while theyre working outside. This difference actually affects modern families because their children will always make problems to gain attention from their parents. For example, children dont go to school because they requisite their parents to ask them why they do this.They want their parents to talk to them. Through these three important differences, we can notice the development of family system from the past until right off and its only confirming the idea that states when societies change, families also change and both good and bad things change. We can also notice that traditional families are more collective and social so that we can sense the aspect of unity in it, whereas modern families are more individualistic and independent and it lacks family unity in all its aspects. But the other question is how this individualistic attitude affects the family unit?3- The effect of Individualism on the family unitMuch has been said about the family and the future of family in the so-called postmodern world we are living in today. As it was said before Individualism has become the social structure of this present era Life of individuals is characterized by two major features the first one is the moral custody of individualism and the second one is the opportunity and capability to choose. These two main characteristics were rarely found in the previous generations. Talking about the previous generations for example before and during the great depression era, all families were mainly traditional because they living all together in one place as one entity grandpa and Grandmother with the children of theirchildren in one big house probably with a farm and some corn whisky fields or at least a vast land to work on later, the idea here is that, the group had control over the individual in everything.Nowadays, the individualistic attit udes touch the concept of family by leading it to a gradual change in its structure and the principles it was built on. Individualists or as they call themselves modernists today tend to have a unique way of thinking and a special way in looking to things and life in general. They also have their own way of looking to family as a social institution. But their selfish attitudes prevented them to see to what extent they affect it negatively, Etzioni argues that the surge in individual rights conflicts with the needs of community. He added that Individualism would destruct vital institutions such as family and neighborhood, and thereby create misery5. in other words this effect begins when certain(prenominal) members especially grown children of the same(p) family when they become aware of their own preferences and abilities to have a better life as an independent unity in the society to which they belong.This certain beginning leads to the ultimate break up from the original famil y then from the society into another atmosphere of living life with new ways of thinking about the whole social institutions particularly the one of family. During the great depression era, families needed to be united and gathered as one body, any break up in that unity led to the collapse of the entire family. My aim behind this general study of family in the shadow of individualism is to illustrate how important family unit in the novel of the grapes of wrath is. I shall make this clearer in the second part where Im going to focus deeply on the concept of family in this novel in which Steinbeck portrays the value of being united in the era of The Great slump.In the previous part, I discussed generally the concept of Family and the one of individualism. I discussed as well the difference between the traditional and the modern structure of family. Afterwards, I examined how individualism can affect the traditional family and how it tries to modify its structure in order to moderni ze it. However, the traditional family remains the best structure in all circumstances, because it keeps family members as one group as we will see in the novel of John Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath. The Family is the key of survival in this Nobel Prize winner masterpiece. Without each other, the Joads would have no way of coping with the loss of their land or of getting to California. Family is the one weapon that the Joads have against the cold, bitter world around them.They, along with many other migrant workers, learn that they are stronger and safer when they stay with each other as one unit and when they reach out to other families in order of creating a sense of community. Therefore, my research paper topic will be developed efficiently by giving answers to these following questions Who are the Joads? What is The Great effect and what is its effect on the Joads? How did they survive? Is it their strong unit of family or because of some other reasons? These questions and mor e are going to be answered in this chapter in details to show how family unit is important for the Joads in the era of the great depression as a reaction against the crisis and the greediness of the upper class of the 1930s.1. Introducing The JoadsBefore transaction in details with the family unit itself in this novel, we should first get acquainted with a traditional family that survived thanks to their strong unity, its The Joads family. In this section Im going to introduce all the family members who vie a great habitof maintaining and keeping the whole family as one unit through their journey to California. So, who are the Joads? The Joads is a family of twelve members from deferent generations turkey cock Joad, Ma Joad, Pa Joad, rose of Sharon and her husband Connie, grannie Joad, Grandpa Joad, Al Joad, NoahJoad, Uncle John, Ruthie Joad, and Winfield Joad. Let me first introduce the ones who kept the family as one unit Tom Joad The books central character, and Ma and Pa Joad s preferred son. Tom is goodnatured and thoughtful man. blush though he murdered a man and has been separated from his family for four years, he does not go through his time with regrets. He lives fully for the present moment, which enables him to be a great first of vitality for the Joad family. A wise guide and fierce protector, Tom exhibits a moral certainty throughout the novel that imbues him with strength and resolve he earns the awed respect of his family members as well as the workers he later organizes into unions.Ma Joad The mother of the Joad family. Ma is introduced as a woman who knowingly and gladly fulfills her role as the castle of the family. She is the healer of the familys ills and the arbiter of its arguments, and her ability to perform these tasks grows as the novel progresses. Pa Joad Ma Joads husband and Toms father. Pa Joad is an Oklahoma tenant farmer who has been evicted from his farm. A plainspoken, good-hearted man, Pa directs the effort to take the f amily to California. Once there, unable to take place work and increasingly desperate, Pa finds himself looking to Ma Joad for strength and leadership, though he sometimes feels ashamed of his weaker position.Rose of Sharon The oldest of Ma and Pa Joads daughters, and Connies wife. An impractical and romantic young woman, Rose of Sharon begins the journey to California pregnant with her first child. She and Connie have grand notions of making a life for themselves in a city. The harsh realities of migrant life soon inform Rose of Sharon of these ideas, however. Her husband abandons her, and her child is born dead. By the end of the novel, she maturesconsiderably, and possesses, the reader learns with surprise, something of her mothers unconquerable spirit and grace.Grandpa Joad Tom Joads grandfather. The founder of the Joad farm, Grandpa is now old and infirm. Once have of a cruel and violent temper, Grandpas wickedness is now limited almost only if to his tongue. Grandma Joad Granma is a pious Christian, who loves casting hellfire and damnation in her husbands direction. Her health deteriorates quickly after Grandpas death she dies just after the family reaches California.Al Joad Toms younger brother, a sixteen-year-old boy obsessed with cars and girls. Al is vain and arrogant but an extremely equal mechanic, and his expertise proves vital in bringing the Joads, as well as the Wilsons, to California. When he falls in love with a girl named Agnes Wainwright at a cotton plantation where they are working, he decides to stay with her rather than leaving with his family.Uncle John Toms uncle, who, years ago, refused to fetch a fixate for his pregnant wife when she complained of stomach pains. He has never forgiven himself for her death, and he often dwells heavily on the slight he considers a sin.Ruthie Joad The second and younger Joad daughter.Winfield Joad At the age of ten, Winfield is the youngest of the Joad children. Ma worries for his well-being, f earing that without a proper home he will grow up to be wild and rootless.Two characters left the family because of their selfish dreams and their individualistic attitude they represent in my own interpretation the individual type that does not believe in the ideology of the strength of the traditional family, they simply give up their role among their family by trying to find their own happiness without the help of any one. They are 12Connie Rose of Sharons husband, an unrealistic escapist who abandons the Joads after they reach California.Noah Joad Toms older brother. He leaves his family behind at a be adrift near the California border, telling Tom that he feels his parents do not love him as much as they love the other children.Theres also one other character who attach to the Joads through their way to California Jim Casy A former preacher who gave up his duty out of a belief that all human experience is holy. Hes the moral voice of the novel, Casy articulates many of its mo st important typographys, among them the sanctityof the people and the essential unity of all mankind. Therefore, we feel that Jim is almost a member of the Joads6.This brief introduction of the Joads family paints in our minds a wonderful image of a perfect family unit, also through reading the story, we feel like they cant never be separated, even if some of their family members ran away and others died, they seem to be related deeply to each other for example, through the whole journey uncle john still blames himself for letting his wife die because of his negligence, another example of their strong relationships to each other is when they reached California, they all kept wishing if grandma and grandpa were still alive to see it. Now, whats the cause that make some members of the Joads ran away and leave their family and made others die?2. The Great Depression and its effect on the Joads familyIn the story of The Grapes of Wrath, the Joads were Going west on Route 66 towards Ca lifornia, on their way, they encountered many barriers and difficulties, the worst one was the death of two family members along the road, Grandpa died and was buried in a camp 6SparkNotes Editors. SparkNote on The Grapes of Wrath. SparkNotes LLC. 2007. http//www.sparknotes.com/lit/grapesofwrath/characters.html (accessed June 26, 2012).where they stopped for a while, Also Grandma died close to the California state line, and both Noah and Connie transgress from the family and ran away. The remaining members, led by Ma, realized they have no choice but to go on, as there is nothing remaining for them in Oklahoma. In other words, the cause that made them leave their home is the same one that affected them and caused to some of them death and others to run away its The Great Depression and all the sorrows it brought to the American families.The Great Depression era was an awfully challenging period for the Americanfamily, the effectuate of The Great Depression, both during and after, seriously impacted the structure, finances, and employment of the American family unit. What was cognise as The Dust bankroll pushed thousands of immigrants to leave their homes to other states, especially California State, and made them obliged to find a humble avocation with an average wage to live a simple life and survive during the economic crisis that broke their life to pieces by causing more starvation, poverty and death7. The Joads are one of the thousands of victims in the Great Depression era.First of all, they had to leave their home and the whole state of Oklahoma to the state of California because of the dust that transformed their farms from bountiful fields to dust yards, as a result of that, food was very hard for poor people to get so that they had to fight for it, in addition to that, jobs became extremely scarce and the land owners had to push out the tenants farmer from their lands, this is what exactly happened to the Joads, the responsible authorities obli ged them to leave their land and home town, therefore, they sold what theyve already got, and bought an old decrepit truck which they are going to use as their transportation on their way to California, the second effect of what happened in the great depression was on family itself a traditional family are known by its strong union and unity, exactly like the Joads family, but what happened in that disappointing era has change integrity many families and destroyed their unity, only strong ones survived but with many losses and sacrificesThe Joads finally gathered after the return of their son Tom from the penitentiary,they already decided to leave Oklahoma, on their way to California, they faced many troubles, and they witnessed their family fall apart many timesbecause of the bitter immovable and the cold hearted people they encountered during their trip, grandpa died of old age and also grandma died of sickness by feeling sorry for her old poor husband who didnt want to leave to California in the first place, he decided not to go there in the last minutes while they were packing their needs and getting ready to leave. sense abandoned by the family, Noah left also the family as Connie did for their selfish dreams and aspirations. By reaching California, the Joads became shocked and queer by the reality of the place theyve sacrificed everything they got to be in it. The situation there is just the same as the one in Oklahoma if not saying its worse than Oklahoma.Finally, after a long while and through many impediments, The Joads reached California with numerous dreams and ambitions, but they faced the unforeseen and witnessed the unexpected the realty tells a different story and the ideal golden California was just a fantasy, the hand price that brought them there worth nothing at all, but did they lost their hope of living a content life as a happy family? Did they give up all their dreams and aspirations? These questions have answers in the last section of this Part.3. The unity and the strength of the JoadsIn his novel The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck portrays the theme of Joads strength through their unity in order to comment on the relationship between the dissolution of individual families and the unification of migrant people. Steinbeck also aims to prove to us that the unity of the traditional family is the only motivation that drove the rest of the Joads to California and helped them to stand in front of any obstacle that they faced in their quest to a better life.15The family became a unit Pa was the head of the family now.8 The use of the past tense in this quote tells us that Pa was taking control of the family. As It is always known, the father is the head of the traditional family, but what is really striking in this novel is that pa became so weakto take control over it, so Ma Joad, the pillar of the Joads took his place and led the family towards California for a better life by making the right decisions and reac ting against anyone who attempts to break the family apart. Before the journey, Ma Joad was just one voice among many in making group decisions. As the novel progresses, she becomes more dominant. She decides when they will stop or go on9. Ma Joad was described by Steinbeck as the citadel of the family, the strong place that could not be taken (100), she seems to be the source of hope to all the members of the family, if it wasnt for her, the rest of the family would never reach as far as they got, even though some members lost their hope and became overwhelmed by despair, Mas intention encouraged and motivated them to carry on also she taught them to never give up and never be away from the family. The nature of her relationship to other members of the family differs from one to another.Her favorite one is her relationship to her desired and near son The arrival of Tom also revived the unity of family, she lost him once when he was in prison, then she became so happy when he got paroled and came in the appropriate time to move with his family to California. By the end of the story she accepted his loss for the sake of the rest of the family, she was so afraid that cops would take him back to tuck in then she let him run away with a broken heart. For Ma Joad, family is everything, from the beginning of the story until the end, all what she cared about was the unity of her family. We got nothing, now, Pa said Seems our life is over and done No it aint, Ma smiled. it aint, Pa. An thats one more thing a woman knows. Women. I discover that. Man, he lives in jerks baby born, an a man dies, an thats a jerk.Women, its all one flow, like a stream, little eddies, little waterfalls, but the river, it goes right on. Women looks at it like that. We aint gonna die out. People is goin on-changin a little, maybe, but goin right on (577)She saw her family falling down but she acted rapidly and pulled it up before it touched the ground. She consistently proves to be th e novels strongest supporter of family and togetherness. In other words, when we first met Ma Joad, she was a strong woman. When we saw her in the very last chapter, she was the same strong woman. We didnt think it possible, but her strength only grows throughout the course of the novel. In fact, her initial strength is transformed into a different one. We cant really pinpoint exactly what is this new kind of strength, but we know its the one who kept the rest of the family together until the end. Furthermore Steinbeck presents Ma Joads growing power as a source of communal strength sheltering human lordliness from the antisocial effects of individualism 10.On their way to California the family continued to meet obstacle after obstacle, it seems like Pa Joad did not quite know how to keep it together. But Ma Joad knew how to do it. convey to her strength again, and when they reached California Ma Joad was the only one who didnt feel shocked, because she knew it from the beginning before no one else did, her only objective is to keep the family together, she told them that all what matters is that they are together and no one can separate them from each other, her belief in this unity is so pure and strong, and thats what made her so special as a women belonging to a traditional family.In this part, I dealt with many aspects in treating the concept of family in the respected work of John Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath, the essential step to bring in how he dealt with it in his novel is firstly to introduce all the members of the joads one by one and construe their roles in this work, secondly its important to deal with the concept of family by discussing how the great depression affected it and showing an example of a strong family that resisted that impact by being so strong and counsel on the family unit such as the Joads Family, then finally, I dealt with showing you the source of strength of the Joads the springiness of wisdom andknowledge and the cen ter of strength Ma Joad.CONCLUSIONIn drawing conclusions for this study, I shall start summarizing what was said since the first page of my research paper beginning with the first part in which I emphasized the most important institution in our society which family that is also the main issue of this paper. I started by defining it along with another challenging concept which is individualism that affected negatively the family institution and made it lose its traditional values and acquire new modern thoughts and opinions about family in general. This prelude to the main issue of my research paper is made necessarily to help understanding these two different concepts before dealing with their appearances in the novel of Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath in which I concentrated on the theme of family unit.In the second part, I developed this theme in details by introducing first of all the main characters of this story in order to understand each ones role in the changing of events, an d then I talked briefly about the Great Depression era by acknowledging it and showing its strong effect on the traditional family structure. Then finally I discussed the center and source of strength that helped the Joads to get through their problematic journey and achieve their destination without falling apart when they faced the bitter truth and after making many sacrifices that hurt every one of them especially Ma Joad, the pillar of the Joad family. Taking seriously what was going on during that depressed era and how did this family survived, is really what we need to do in our days of age, in other words, families must be united if they want to survive and live life properly.REFERENCESBibliographyBeck Ulrich and Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim, Individualization. London Sage, 2001. Cederstorm, Lorelei. The great mother in the Grapes of Wrath. Canada Brandon University, 1993. Etzioni, Amitai. The spirit of community The reinvention of American society. New York Simon & Schuster, 199 3. Hofstede, Greet. Cultures consequences Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks Sage, 2001. Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York Modern Library, 1939. Steinbeck, John and Harold meridian, ed. The Grapes of Wrath Blooms Modern Critical Interpretations. Chelsea House Publishers, 2006.WebliographyFamily. Wikipedia. The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., 25 Jun 2012. Web. 24 JUN 2012. . Individualism. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica., 2012. Web. 24 Jun. 2012 . Shmoop Editorial Team. The Grapes of WrathShmoop.com. Shmoop University, Inc., 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 24 Jun. 2012. SparkNotes Editors. SparkNote on The Grapes of Wrath. SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2007. Web. 26 Jun. 2012.