Physical Features and Climate of Russia

Most of the population can be found in the north-west part where the biggest cities are – Moscow and SST. Petersburg. Other parts of Russia are less developed with high unemployment rates and poverty. Because of its location Russian culture is influenced by Europe from one side and Asia from another and it creates a sort of misunderstanding between people who live In different regions. Russia Is rich with natural resources especially gas and Is able to play almost a monopolistic role exporting these resources.However whenever I travel around Russia I see that many wings are not brought for tourists consumption and many areas require improvement. Let's take Aural Mountains for example – a massive area with beautiful mountains that could be perfect for winter sports. But it is embarrassing to bring foreign tourists there because the quality of service leaves much to be desired. The main money capital is centered in Moscow and SST. Petersburg so the other parts of Russia h ave to suffer. 2. How did climate and physical geographic features spur Russian's imperial expansion? To start with, Russia had a huge territory from the 10th century.Century wrought century It was expanding its territory In order to get the access to waters, warmer climate lands and gain more natural resources. As the climate was quite harsh, people were conquering and gaining lands with better climate. Secondly, the surrounding countries and lands felt dependent on Russian resources and some of them preferred to unite their lands with Russia. Therefore the population was growing rapidly. 3. Why is fur far more than an indulgence in Russia? What role did the fur trade play in the expansion of Russia? Nowadays, Russian fur market is one of the largest in the world.From the past times hunting animals for food and fur has been a great contribution to Russian's economy that helped in development and country expansion. Many types of animals which fur Is valued live In the Russian forest s and their number Is quite large, that allows hunting them without major disturbances of nature. Fur trade was one of the popular activities In Russia now and then. 4. How did the establishment of the Soviet bloc lad development of the Soviet union following World War II? Discuss with regard to technical optimization, had a land border with Afghanistan, Hungary, Iran, China, DEEP, Mongolia, Norway,Poland, Romania, Turkey, Finland, Czechoslovakia and the only sea border with the U. S. A. , Sweden and Japan. The Soviet Union, along with the United States was a strong empire. The Soviet Union dominated the world system of socialism, as well as was a permanent member of UN Security Council. After the victory in the war was carried out denationalization of the Soviet economy and its recovery in areas affected by the occupation. By 1950 industrial production increased by 73% compared to the pre-war period. Agriculture recovered more slowly, with great difficulties, mistakes and miscalcul ations.However in 1947 the food situation has stabilized, were canceled cards for food and industrial goods, a monetary reform helped to stabilize the financial situation. 5. What factors led to the breakup of the Soviet empire? The following factors played the key role for the breakup of Soviet Union: International arguments between countries about the different cultures that are under intro of Soviet Union; Restrictions introduced by the government for mass media and West influence; Being behind the west empires in development – the level of life was very low, deficit of everything; Economic reform failure;Oil prices decrease; All the decisions were taken in Moscow only – other parts were not satisfied with that; Wars like Afghanistan and Cold war were destroying economy; Was hard to lead such a big in territory country; â€Å"Perestroika† program of Geographer; Boris Elgin brought democracy program and it became popular within a short period of time. 6. In 19 86, what happened at Coherency? Today, what policy does the Russian Federation have regarding the storage of nuclear waste? On April 26, 1986 the destruction happened of the Fourth energy unit of Coherency nuclear power plant, hat located on the territory of the Ukrainian USSR (now – Ukraine).It includes the classification system of nuclear materials and the distribution of duties – who from the government is in charge of what. As any law it includes the punishments and penalties system for breaking any of the published rules. 7. Discuss the environmental degradation of Lake Basal and the Oral Sea. Lake Basal in Russia and Oral Sea in Astrakhan were once the cleanliest water objects in are aware of the environmental crisis, claim that nowadays these two objects are totally different as they were in the past times.Let's start with Basal – the problem as that many programs established by government in order to preserve its cleanliness were not brought into life. T herefore the problem of Basil's pollution was not resolved and the level of cleanliness was rapidly dropping. Oral Sea had a sadder fate. The level of its water dropped due to the pollution and the sea separated into two isolated reservoirs of water – North and South. Both countries were unable to take care of these natural resources which lead to degradation of environment in the mentioned areas. 8. During the Soviet era, the human population of Siberian tundra and taiga rose hardly.Currently people are leaving the area. Discuss migration in and out of Siberia with regard to natural resource development, industrialization, forced labor, military strategy, and free market forces In Russia there is a strong tendency of people to migrate from east to west or south, because the level of life is higher in those regions. People are setting up near the big megalopolises. It is because they are searching for better Jobs, for education, for recognition and self-development. Therefore the areas they leave become less populated and less developed.It influences the agriculture and production of goods of Russia, as many territories are left unused and the economy bases on different sources of income. The trade is on high level – migrants try to take as many belongings as they can so they trade the goods they collected through a long period of time, animals are traded as well for food and fur. 9. Ethnic diversity in Central Asia contributed to the breakup of the Soviet Union. How have national identities been asserted in the decade since the Central Asian Republics became independent countries? What cultural factors serve to unify or separate the states in this region?After the breakup of Soviet Union in 1991 many countries of Central Asia that separated have been placed in hard times of crisis and political and economic instabilities. As well as Russia, they were developing with the use of their own resources and skills. Some of them were influenced by the U SA in order to get some material help. The cultural factors that served to unify or separate the states are based on cultural differences, disagreement in accepting other cultural traditions and religions. Some regions were not satisfied with the government and were trying to separate and establish their own ones.

Rhetorical Analysis on Thoreau’s Walden-Chapter33

Rhetorical Analysis-â€Å"Reading† in Walden Walden is a personal essay of Henry David Thoreau, as he goes into wood and writes his personal experiences by immersing himself in nature. By detaching himself from the society, Thoreau tried to gain a more objective understanding of society through personal introspection. His thoughts of understanding society or finding the â€Å"truth† are discussed on the third chapter â€Å"Reading. † This chapter constitutes a description of what Thoreau has gained from reading and an exhortation that the reader should seek for the vein of spiritual truth.Thoreau discusses the benefits of classical literature then argues that people of Concord should focus on adult’s education. He moans that most of the educated men in Concord disregard the classics of English literature and argues that townspeople should have spent money on building Lyceum instead of a townhouse. By using dichotomies, Thoreau differentiates himself from t he townspeople, and then he strengthens his argument by deifying the work of great poets.Thoreau’s studying of classical literature or his attempt to find the truths is prevalent in chapter â€Å"Reading†, but his thoughts are especially well-presented in the first paragraph of the chapter. Thoreau begins his paragraph with personal thoughts saying if men were more deliberate in choosing their pursuits, they would all become â€Å"students† and observers,† because that it is in their â€Å"nature† and â€Å"destiny. † By choosing scientific words, such as â€Å"observers†, â€Å"students†, and â€Å"nature† to describe his personal thoughts, Thoreau risks charges of elitism.Science is a study of nature and it is based on observation and experiment, whereas philosophy and literature is a study based on personal thoughts and insights. This is contrast to what other most writers argue. Most other writers and philosophers arg ue that while it is possible to think we know the truth in a situation, it is impossible to be certain. Since we cannot be certain of the truth, it is very difficult or even impossible to define what the â€Å"truth† is.However by stating that literature and philosophy can be answered in a definite way like science, Thoreau implicitly tells the readers that he is following the â€Å"right† track as other great poets have followed. This elitism is recurrent throughout in Walden, as he states the difference between great literature and the common reader later in this chapter. Thoreau contemplates that most people learn to read only for convenience and they are only satisfied with one great book, the Bible. He even ridicules the townspeople by comparing them to four years old children with a copy of Cinderella.It is possible that Thoreau purposely used the techniques in a planned way. If Thoreau had bluntly blamed the educated man in Concord from the beginning, his reader s, whom are mostly likely educated men from Concord or elsewhere, would have undoubtedly been offended. On the next sentence, Thoreau continues his assertion by introducing the theme of immortality through literature. Once again, he defies the work of great poets by stating that â€Å"we are mortal, †¦ but in dealing with truth, we are immortal. †(94, Thoreau) Thoreau implies that by writing or publishing great works, one can achieve immortality with his work.To further understand Thoreau’s concept on mortality, one must understand his background first. Walden was written in1845, three years after his beloved brother John, an amateur ornithologist. Suffering from his brother’s loss, Thoreau went to woods and started his career as a writer by writing Walden. Faced with the death of his brother, Thoreau probably needed to find an answer for mortality and Walden is his attempt to immortalize himself through writing. Continuing from mortality, Thoreau uses anot her metaphor, divinity. Thoreau mentions about Egyptian and Hindu philosophers and their divinity.It is interesting to see that Thoreau uses other religions, instead of using Christianity. It was written in mid-nineteenth century, and the traditional Christian beliefs were starting to crumble. Thoreau, coming from New England where Puritan religion is prevalent, would of course be familiar with Christianity and Bible. Other evidences in this paragraph also suggest that Thoreau was affected by this. As I mentioned on the last paragraph, Thoreau mentions about immortality and afterlife, which cannot be achieved in Christianity.Another example is the use of word â€Å"veil† in this paragraph. Throeau states â€Å"still the trembling robe remains raised, and I gaze upon as fresh a glory as he did. †(94, Thoreau) When people first think of Veil in religion, most people would think of Muslim women wearing hijabs, but considering that this was written in mid-nineteenth centur y, Thoreau probably was not considering Muslim. In fact, covering the hair is also religious commandment for Christian Women and it was meant to shield women’s hair from eyes of sinful men.Human beings can only perceive the divine through their senses in Christianity belief, while Thoreau, as a transcendentalist, suggests a more spiritual way to connect with divine by reading great literature. Thoreau then concludes this paragraph with a resemblance statement of great literature’s immortality. He says â€Å"That time which we really improve, or which is improvable, is neither past, present, nor future. †(94,Thoreau) Again he mentions immortality of the great literature and he is stating that these works are the â€Å"truth. Thoreau does not contemplate townspeople in this paragraph as much as the rest of chapter. Instead he focuses praising the great poets and even defies their work. This is part of his effort to convince readers his argument before he can crit icize other townspeople. By doing this, he wishes for townspeople to become more educated. He wishes that Concord spend money on arts and education as patrons in European nobles, but only finds that townspeople are spending money on farming and trade. By using dichotomy between townspeople and the great poets, he successfully distinguishes himself from townspeople.Then by using metaphors and comparison with Christianity, Thoreau asserts his opinion on education and tells his thoughts on finding the â€Å"truth. † By boldly putting himself to the same position as the other great poets, Thoreau successfully shows his strong will on reforming education. Yet, he risks his essay for elitism by simply stating that townspeople don’t care much about the literature and thus must be not interested in finding the truth. ? Work cited. 1. Henry David Thoreau, Walden. New York: The Modern Library, 1992. Print. 2. Walden Pond state Reservation

Arguments for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide Essay Example for Free

Arguments for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide Essay Arguments for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide There are arguments both for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide. Some of the main arguments are outlined below. You should be aware that these arguments do not necessarily represent the opinions or policies of NHS Choices or the Department of Health. Arguments for euthanasia and assisted suicide There are two main types of argument used to support the practices of euthanasia and assisted suicide. They are the: ethical argument – that people should have freedom of choice, including the right to control their own body and life (as long as they do not abuse any other person’s rights), and that the state should not create laws that prevent people being able to choose when and how they die pragmatic argument – that euthanasia, particularly passive euthanasia, is already a widespread practice (allegedly), just not one that people are willing to admit to, so it is better to regulate euthanasia properly The pragmatic argument is discussed in more detail below. Pragmatic argument The pragmatic argument states that many of the practices used in end of life care are a type of euthanasia in all but name. For example, there is the practice of making a ‘do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation’ (DNACPR) order, where a person requests not to receive treatment if their heart stops beating or they stop breathing. Critics have argued that DNACPR is a type of passive euthanasia because a person is denied treatment that could potentially save their life. Another controversial practice is known as palliative sedation. This is where a person who is experiencing extreme suffering, for which there is no effective treatment, is put to sleep using sedative medication. For example, palliative sedation is often used to treat burns victims who are expected to die. While palliative sedation is not directly carried out for the purpose of ending lives, many of the sedatives used carry a risk of shortening a person’s lifespan. Therefore, it could be argued that palliative sedation is a type of active euthanasia. The pragmatic argument is that if euthanasia in these forms is being carried out anyway, society might as well legalise it and ensure that it is properly regulated. It should be stressed that the above interpretations of DNACPR  and palliative sedation are very controversial and are not accepted by most doctors, nurses and palliative care specialists. Read more about the alternatives to euthanasia for responses to these interpretations. Arguments against euthanasia and assisted suicide There are four main types of argument used by people who are against euthanasia and assisted suicide. They are known as the: religious argument – that these practices can never be justified for religious reasons, for example many people believe that only God has the right to end a human life ‘slippery slope’ argument – this is based on the concern that legalising euthanasia could lead to significant unintended changes in our healthcare system and society at large that we would later come to regret medical ethics argument – that asking doctors, nurses or any other healthcare professional to carry out euthanasia or assist in a suicide would be a violation of fundamental medical ethics alternative argument – that there is no reason for a person to suffer either mentally or physically because effective end of life treatments are available; therefore, euthanasia is not a valid treatment option but represents a failure on the part of the doctor involved in a person’s care These arguments are described in more detail below. Religious argument The most common religious argument is that human beings are the sacred creation of God, so human life is by extension sacred. Only God should choose when a human life ends, so committing an act of euthanasia or assisting in suicide is acting against the will of God and is sinful. This belief, or variations on it, is shared by members of the Christian, Jewish and Islamic faiths. The issue is more complex in Hinduism and Buddhism. Scholars from both faiths have argued that euthanasia and assisted suicides are ethically acceptable acts in some circumstances, but these views do not have universal support among Hindus and Buddhists. ‘Slippery slope’ argument The slippery slope argument is based on the idea that once a healthcare service, and by extension the government, starts killing its own citizens, a  line is crossed that should never have been crossed and a dangerous precedent has been set. The concern is that a society that allows voluntary euthanasia will gradually change its attitudes to include non-voluntary and then involuntary euthanasia. Also, legalised voluntary euthanasia could eventually lead to a wide range of unforeseen consequences, such as those described below. Very ill people who need constant care or people with severe disabilities may feel pressured to request euthanasia so that they are not a burden to their family. Legalising euthanasia may discourage research into palliative treatments, and possibly prevent cures for people with terminal illnesses being found. Occasionally, doctors may be mistaken about a person’s diagnosis and outlook, and the person may choose euthanasia due to being wrongly told that they have a terminal condition. Medical ethics argument The medical ethics argument, which is similar to the ‘slippery slope’ argument, states that legalising euthanasia would violate one of the most important medical ethics, which, in the words of the International Code of Medical Ethics, is: ‘A doctor must always bear in mind the obligation of preserving human life from conception’. Asking doctors to abandon their obligation to preserve human life could damage the doctor–patient relationship. Causing death on a regular basis could become a routine administrative task for doctors, leading to a lack of compassion when dealing with elderly, disabled or terminally ill people. In turn, people with complex health needs or severe disabilities could become distrustful of their doctor’s efforts and intentions. They may think that their doctor would rather ‘kill them off’ than take responsibility for a complex and demanding case. Alternative argument The alternative argument is that advances in palliative care and mental health treatment mean there is no reason why any person should ever feel that they are suffering intolerably, whether it is physical or mental suffering or both. According to this argument, if a person is given the right care, in the right environment, there should be no reason why they are unable to have a dignified and painless natural death. // o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t=†Ã¢â‚¬ ,o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "studymoose.com"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e Arguments for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide. (2016, May 22). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

Statistics Assignment Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Statistics Assignment - Speech or Presentation Example The probability of winning the lottery is then around nine in a billion. It should be noted that the resulting equation actually simplifies to a multiplication rule. However, the binomial distribution may be used to model more complex lottery options. In the construction of a 5-digit number, the order in which is numbers are drawn is clearly important. Also, since repetition of digits is not allowed, a single digit chosen is removed from the pool of possible succeeding digits. These conditions indicate that the total number of digits can simply be taken using a permutation. The given table can only be classified as a probability distribution if its individual probabilities are between zero and one and the total probability is equal to one. In the given table, the probability at X = 2 is greater than one. Since no negative probabilities are present, the total probability is also greater than one. As both requirements are not met, the table cannot be a probability distribution. The sample data is relatively sparse (n To determine whether a relationship exists between the two variables, the given data may be fitted onto a function. The simplest approach is to use a linear model for approximating the relation. To aid in this, a column representation may be constructed. It should be noted that the independent variable based on the description is the cost of the product. An assumed frequency distribution is assumed in this case which allows the use of the Goodness of Fit test. The computations for the chi square statistic can then be determined as shown in the following table: Data is a very important

Kodak and Fujifilm Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Kodak and Fujifilm - Assignment Example The organization has its headquarters in New York, US. George Eastman established the company in the year 1889. The organization is known for its photographic film products. The adoption of blades and razor strategy by the company led to its selling cheaper cameras in the market. The company also made huge amount of margins from its production of consumables such as films and chemicals. The company flourished during the later part of the year 1976. At that point in time, a major portion of the film sales and camera sales were commanded by the company in the US market. Fujifilm is considered as a multinational organization dealing in services such as photography and imaging services. The company is officially known as Fujifilm Holdings Corporation and has its headquarters in the Tokyo city of Japan. The company is engaged in the business of colour paper, colour photographic film, sale of digital cameras, and photofinishing equipment, etc. The approach of the company with regard to management has made the organization a strong consumer brand which is considered to have a sound technology base. The strategy of the management of the company is considered as different with regard to managing and undertaking innovation. PEST analysis is considered as an important tool to analyze the macro environment of an organization. It seeks to identify those factors that have a considerable bearing on an organization’s demand and supply levels and also on its cost structure. There are numerous advantages of PEST analysis as follows: Political: it is required by the copyright law of US that any print and subsequent release of digital images taken by photographers considered as professional cannot be released without having a copyright of release. The company has its operations in various countries and so it is of utmost importance for the company to comply with the regulations of such countries

Discuss the theme of how it reflects to the play Essay

Discuss the theme of how it reflects to the play - Essay Example In this book, Henrick Ibsen shows a clear opposition of a male’s society and the women’s lives in the golden cages, and nothing is better than freedom, and money cannot substitute wings. Henrik Ibsen’s  A Doll’s House intrigues the audience by first developments of the feminism discourse. Oppression of a woman in the nineteenth century by males is represented by the writer as a common thing. Nora is just a doll and she is not an entity, she is the â€Å"other† pretty thing of her husband. Her husband gives funny names for her, such as â€Å"squirrel†, a â€Å"song bird† or a â€Å"little skylark†. He thinks that she does not have valuable ideas and her brain is empty. However, Nora is not a silly woman, because she realizes this ever existent oppression and she confirms that her father told her about his ideas all the time and, finally, these ideas became her own ideas. Actually, this woman was passed from her father’s hands to the hands of her husband like a fragile and empty thing. She feels uncomfortable and she suffers from her wasted life (Goldman 38). It is more comfortable to be a doll and to live in a dollâ €™s house in case a woman has experienced lobotomy, but a sound mind can never accept such a daily humiliation. Nora’s husband is strong enough to shelter and comfort her, but Nora feels like a bird in a golden cage. Material concerns of her husband and her father prevent her from making her own desires and wishes come true. She lacks freedom and does not have an opportunity to satisfy her material needs (Templeton 345). She borrows money from another person, but she cannot become a happy person. Torvald oppresses her and treats her like a child. It seems like he has some mental illness, because it is an inappropriate behavior of a modern, strong man to project his father’s feelings onto his wife. Because of material problems and the lack of social power, Nora did not have an opportunity to make friends even with women, because her

Middle range theories Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Middle range theories - Coursework Example Having mapped the full extent of the damages the patient had sustained in the accident, it became increasingly imperative that various technology be assembled to aid the patient surmount the challenges she faced with regards to feeding. As thus, a feeding tube was assembled to help achieve this objective. This was through a process medically referred to as gavage (Joanne, 2008). In medical practice, there are many tubes of this kind that, most of them made of polyurethane or silicon. In this case, other nurses and I promptly settled on a nasogastric feeding tube, which is technologically designed to enable feeding of a victim not able to feed normally by inserting the implement through the nose. In this nasogastric intubation exercise, we practically went about passing the feeding tube through the nostril, down the esophagus and into the stomach. The technology proved to be an effective temporary measure to directly help the patient through the challenge. The process is completely delicate and required an outstanding amount of precision with very little margin for era given the vital organs we had to keep watch on and the rather mechanical approach of the intervention. We had to be patient and show a practical depiction of the care required in the nursing profession. The response and commitment the nurses had shown in this procedure was very commendable and was instrumental for the success of the whole process. Having cared for a terminally ill lung cancer patient, I have had first-hand experience to care and stand up for a patient through the intrigues of his final moments of life. In caring for the patient, there were many complex issues involved and equal measure of effort on my side to fully attend to the patient and make him completely at peace and appreciated. To begin with, I implored on the patient to seek spiritual peace upon learning he had a religious personality. Upon research, I was able to give adequate guidance

Analysis of Dubai Aviation Model. ( Paper subject is Strategy) Essay

Analysis of Dubai Aviation Model. ( Paper subject is Strategy) - Essay Example It is a major aviation hub in the Middle East, and is the main airport of Dubai, the second largest city of United Arab Emirates. Since the launching of Emirates, the national flag carrier of United Arab Emirates, in March 1985, according to Business Analysis, â€Å"Dubai-based Emirates Airline,. . . is one of the fastest growing and most consistently profitable carriers in aviation history†. With a start-up capital of $10 million and 2 leased airplanes from Pakistan International Airlines, which were subsequently returned in 1987, the airline has now grown to more than 148 fleets and still plans to have 320 by 2018 and 400 by 2020. Dubai International Airport is the home base of Emirates and is operated by the Department of Civil Aviation, a government owned company. Emirates by the way is managed by The Emirates Group under the holdings of Investment Corporation of Dubai, an investment arm of the government of Dubai. Based on the foregoing information, it is clear that the government of Dubai plays an important role in the success of the said entities. These two entities are crucial elements of Dubai’s growth and development. With Dubai Strategic Plan 2015 established in 2006 by Dubai ruler Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, as the guiding principles in their strategies and decisions, goals and targets were accomplished accordingly. It is a preparation for Dubai for the post-oil era by firmly establishing it as a leading destination not only for tourists but also for trade fairs and conferences and other revenue generating centers such as professional services, financial, and logistics and distribution hub. This paper will explain the factors that account for the success of Dubai’s aviation sector. The Oxford Economics report that Dubai‘s aviation model works because of a combination of factors, including a national

Multiple topics outlined Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Multiple topics outlined - Essay Example Another approach of usability design or experience design needs a mental attitude and it is commonly known as subjective, post-positivist and experientialist approach. The author focused on the dichotomy of objective and subjective approaches. The book is basically about the emotional designs. This is the fourth book by Norman on the topic about everyday things. The other three books are not related to the theme of this book, but all these are only used to understand the feelings of the author. The book contains the chapter on â€Å"Personal Reflections†; this is called the refresher of book. Cognition is rutted concept with related to emotions. The manifestation of two in the functionality or behavior describes the good product that means the good design of the product with including the effectiveness of the product as well. According to the previous concepts of Norman’s focus was on usability and the behavioral manifestation, and his new changed concepts presented in this book are related to the effectiveness of the product rather than the design. The brief description about three main characteristics of the effective, behavioral and cognitive components are presented here in the paper. Three different aspects related to the design of the product are shown here. The three aspects of products design are named as visceral design, behavioral design and the cognitive or reflective design. The visceral design is about the outer most appearance of the product. This may be in the type of sight, sound, smell or feel etc. The immediate and effective response, emotions about the designed product is the core of this aspect of design. The behavioral aspect is about the pleasure and effectiveness of use. The response from visceral aspect is very important for behavioral aspect. The bad or geed response reflects the performance of the product. The

Civil Disobedience Essay Example for Free

Civil Disobedience Essay Civil Disobedience is the act of disobeying authority but in a legal and civilized manner. It was introduced by writer Henry David Thoreau in his work named â€Å"Civil Disobedience. †This legal and orderly method of rebelling is often used in hope that a change will be made such as an unjust law. Many people often wonder whether Civil Disobedience still holds true in the day and age. Everyday civil disobedience is used. Whether it is aginst the governmentBack in the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s, many civil rights leaders and other men and women, young old have demonstrated notable acts of Civil Disobedience, which have changed many unjust laws and treatment. For example, during the 1950s and 60s, blacks were not allowed to sit in the front of the bus just because they were black. A woman named Rosa Parks saw this rule as unjust and unfair to African Americans. One day she decided to rebel against this law, so she remained in the front of the bus. She was asked to remove herself and move in the back and she refused. By civilly rebelling, she was arrested and put in jail for courage to stand up against the discrimination. Now today, it doesn’t matter where blacks sit on a bus. Her act of civil disobedience has diminished bus laws against blacks and other discriminative laws towards African Americans. Many people may say that now in this day and age, if the media believes that a certain law is just, civil disobedience will not work. This assertion sounds very convincing, but just because it is in the media, doesn’t make it just. In newspapers and throughout the most of the south, you saw nothing but African American discrimination. Martin Luther King and the rest of the civil right activists stood up to this in a civilized manner and now you don’t see that anymore. Even in recent news, look at what was going on Egypt. Citizens were fighting against their tyrannical leader and he was overthrown. So the media can’t stop people from feeling a certain way no matter who advertises it. Civil disobedience has been used all over the world for many different reasons and by many different people, ranging from Gandhi in India to Martin Luther King Jr in the United States. With that being said, we should all understand that Thoreau’s theory of civil disobedience still holds true today. Without the theory of civil disobedience, where would we all be? How would anything progress?

Singapores Banking and Financial Services Sector

Singapores Banking and Financial Services Sector Introduction Banking and financial services sector as the part of financial system, it includes banking services, securities services, insurances services and other services. With the corresponding the agency includes the bank, securities Company, insurance company and other finance related company. Thanks to location, policy and other factors help, Singapore banking and financial services sector development rapidly. Singapore not only famous with the banking services and other financial services, but also famous with the foreign exchange and stock exchange the â€Å" Singapore Exchange†(SGX), is the 3th largest stock market in the Asia area. Attracted a lot of companies listed here, especially is the Asia area. Singapore successful with the banking and financial is no coincidence, the famous newspaper THE ECNONMIST says: WHEN it started life as an independent, separate country in 1965, Singapores prospects did not look good. Tiny and underdeveloped, it had no natural resources and a population of relatively recent immigrants with little shared history. Why did Singapore become an economic success? First, its strategic location and natural harbor helped. It is at the mouth of the Malacca Strait, through which perhaps 40% of world maritime trade passes. Second, under Mr Lee, Singapore welcomed foreign trade and investment. Third, the government was kept small, efficient and honest—qualities absent in most of Singapores neighbors. (ECNONMIST, 2015). This article wills analysis banking and financial services sector contribution on Singapore economy and challenge. With the corresponding strategic planning to keep the contribution and facing the challenge. Contribution Foreign direct investment (FDI) means that is an investment in a business by an investor from another country for which the foreign investor has control over the company purchased. (Shawn Grimsley, 2012). With economic globalization the company are need to expansion the market in the oversea and the other country also take some actions to attract the foreign company. With the booming of banking and financial market Singapore has successful attract lots of foreign direct investment. Sometime if the country can attract lots of foreign direct investment in some sector mean that this country in this sector has many perfect configuration. First is the perfect law to protect this sector profit, secondly is that has mature market, and finally is this sector in this country has preferential policy. Singapore attract lots of famous company to come here investment, for example Citibankà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’Standard Chartered Bankà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’ HSBC, and etc. Singapore ranked third, up two notches from l ast year, making it the highest-ranked country in Asia.Singapore was also rated the best among all countries in terms of the efficiency of its goods and labour markets and second for its financial market sophistication. (Sameera Anand, 2009). In interaction, Singapore banking and financial services sector attract many foreign companies and it makes Singapore economy better and better t as an Asia-pacific financial Centre. Provide a lot of employment opportunities. Since Singapore developed this sector, many jobs has been creating. A report shows that when Singapore just out of Malaysia the unemployment rate in this country was reach up to 12%. After development the banking and financial services sector, the unemployed rate decline year by year. This sector derivate banking employees, Securities industry professionals, Employees Insurance and so on. And it achieved remarkable results just like a newspaper say: Singapore had a population of 5.165 million in 2010. 2.795 million of the populations are part of the labour force. In the same year, Singapore had an unemployment rate of 2.2 percent. Singapores unemployment rate is one of the lowest in the world.(ECNONMYWATCH, 2010). Nowadays more and more local students and international students graduate in Singapore. And the baking and financial services sector provides a lot of jobs for them. Challenge Singapore facing the competition from other regions. Singapore has development banking and financial services sector many years, so Singapore has more experiences and more perfect law than the other countries. But with the other countries focus on this sector, more and more countries are narrow the distance with the Singapore. For example Asian financial center in Hong Kong has been long days, Sydney is in the field of trade business and electronic form their own unique niche, relying on the rapid growth of Chinese economy, and Shanghai its financial center is gradually recognized. A report shows that: According to Financial Development 2009 by the World Economic Forum (WEF), Hong Kong ranks 5th worldwide in terms of financial sector development. Along with Tokyo and Singapore, it stands as one of the premier financial centers in Asia. (Dan Steinbock, 2010). With the rise of these areas, Singapore will face the great challenge. Another challenge is Singapore market is too small, which very dependency of global economy. Singapore is a small country that their local market is very limited. In order to development Singapore have to expansion the oversea market. But when some exceptional circumstances Singapore financial sector will shocks, For example the 1997 Asia financial crisis and the 2008 America financial crisis was effect Singapore this sector. So this is the Singapore should face the challenge with their banking and financial service sector. Last but not least, Foreign exchange and capital market activities and other traditional financial services sector in the number and position showed a downward trend. Foreign exchange and financial services sector is very important for Singapore, is the one the most important part in Singapore economy. If it downward trend, it mean in the future Singapore will lose the competitive in this sector. And this is cannot no be ignore challenge for Singapore banking and financial services sector. Strategic planning Banking and financial services sector also need many different skill in this sector. At the same time also need some Professional knowledge to work in this sector. So the training and education is the best way to achieve this target. And Singapore also cooperation with many company to training and education their students. Citi bank is a example: Singapore – Citi Singapore and Singapore Management University (SMU) have jointly launched the first structured financial literacy program for young adults. The program seeks to equip young adults between the ages of 17 and 30 with essential personal financial knowledge and skills to give them a firm foundation in managing their money and a financial head-start early in their working lives. (Author, 2012). And to training and education the students that can make the Singapore financial sector Continuity and innovation. Establishment Orientation is Singapore in development banking and financial sector should. To become a regional financial center, because Financial Services is Singapores financial sector to maintain good competitiveness and an important source of competitive advantage, in order to encourage local personal financial center to remain competitive, government must keep on politically strong, economically stable and industrial management plan. Create a more attractive business environment. The government should take more communication and Strengthen cooperation with the company. Further strengthen Singapores tax environment and Provide better employment environment for the financial services sector. Last but no least is Enhance Singapores financial sector in the international share. 5. Conclusion (1) Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) is Singapores central bank, founded in 1971, executed by government departments and professional management, which combines the functions of the Bank to Finance, and many other financial functions, including the development of financial and monetary policy to ensure stable economic growth, sustainable development financial services industries. MAS also support to education and training. SKBI is MAS cooperation with the SUM co-founder to help the students get better education in financial, which to training financial talents. And the MAS also keep communication with many company get the advise to them. Sometime MAS set the rules and regulation bank Provide a good environment for the operation of the banking and financial services sector. And do that to support the banking and financial services sector development in Singapore. (2) Banking and financial services is a crucial part of the Singapore economy, is the highest value-added service industry. Today Singapore can so well developed and well famous in the world, these achievements are inseparable from the support of the banking and financial services sector. So Singapore in the future Continue the development of this sector. Build more and better service in the world, attract more foreign company to invention in Singapore. While keeping the good side and need to innovation, with digital media revolution the banking and financial services sector should innovation. To do that make this sector make more contribution in Singapore economy.

A Dream Deferred :: essays research papers

What happens to a dream deferred?Does it dry uplike a raisin in the sun?Or fester like a sore-And then run?Does it stink like rotten meat?Or crust and sugar over- like a syrupy sweet?Maybe it just sagslike a heavy load.Or does it explode?While Langhston Hughes authors this poem, A Dream Deferred, it can easily be interpreted as Toni Morrison's description of Nel and her life of sorrow and dissatisfaction. Sula and Nel, the protagonists in Toni Morrison's Sula, are each the only daughters of mothers whose distance leaves the young girls with dreams to erase this solitude and loneliness. There is no question that Sula alleviates this aloneness with a lascivious and experimental life, "I'm going down like one of those redwoods. I sure did live in this world"(143). Nel, however, for the most part, fails terribly at realizing her dreams and experiencing a happy existence. Compromising her individuality, her emotional stability, and her dreams mark Nel's banal and unfulfilling life.Early in Nel's life during a trip to New Orleans, she watches as her mother is humiliated by a train's white, racist conductor; she watches the indignity of her mother's having to squat in an open field to urinate while white train passengers gaze; and she watches her mother's shame at her own Creole mother's libidinous lifestyle. Her mother's submissiveness and humiliation evokes a fear, an anger, and an energy in Nel. Her emotions intensify as she makes a declaration to never be her mother, to never compromise her individuality, "I'm me. I'm not their daughter. I'm not Nel. I'm me. Me"(28). Figuring that her "me-ness" will take her far, she exclaims "I want...I want to be... wonderful"(29). However, that trip to Louisiana "was the last as well as the first time she was ever to leave Medallion"(29).Initially, Nel's self-declaration empowers her to pursue that dream of independence. She gathers power and joy, and "the strength to cultivate a friend in spite of mother"(29). Nel achieves a degree of her self-described "me-ness," her dream, a separation from her subservient and disgraceful mother, resulting in a new found complacency, "Nel, who regarded the oppressive neatness of her home with dread, felt comfortable in it with Sula"(29). This happiness was present in both girls, "Their meeting was fortunate for it let them use each other to grow on"(49). Unfortunately, as she left Medallion only one time, Nel would discover and enjoy this "me-ness" only one time.

dead birds Essays -- essays research papers

Dead Birds This movie is about a tribe on the island of Papa New Guinea. They are called the Dani. This tribe lives in the middle of the island. Near their enemy, another near by tribe. They live in little huts made from mud and wood. There tribe consists of about twenty to thirty people. If you are a man your day starts out by going to your tower, checking to see if the enemy is going to attack today then, signaling with smoke from a fire if it is ok for the others to start working in there gardens. While these men watch for their enemy they will keep busy by weaving bands decorated with shells and fur for the decoration of the dead. Another job that men do is they break up the soil and help out with the gardening. The young men are also the front line in battles. Women are responsible for most of the gardening. They also gather banana leaves for soaking up the brine to make salt and preparing food. Children have jobs also, they tend their pigs on the frontier and frequently gather with other children there size and play fight and grow pretend gardens. The Dani, greatly believe in magic and practice it daily. For instance, no one will come out after dark because they are afraid of the unhappy ghosts will bring them bad luck. They also believe that when you die, you just die and become a ghost. This is explained by a story they tell about a race between a bird and a snake. Because of these unlucky ghosts, the Dani and other surrounding tribes are at a constant state o... dead birds Essays -- essays research papers Dead Birds This movie is about a tribe on the island of Papa New Guinea. They are called the Dani. This tribe lives in the middle of the island. Near their enemy, another near by tribe. They live in little huts made from mud and wood. There tribe consists of about twenty to thirty people. If you are a man your day starts out by going to your tower, checking to see if the enemy is going to attack today then, signaling with smoke from a fire if it is ok for the others to start working in there gardens. While these men watch for their enemy they will keep busy by weaving bands decorated with shells and fur for the decoration of the dead. Another job that men do is they break up the soil and help out with the gardening. The young men are also the front line in battles. Women are responsible for most of the gardening. They also gather banana leaves for soaking up the brine to make salt and preparing food. Children have jobs also, they tend their pigs on the frontier and frequently gather with other children there size and play fight and grow pretend gardens. The Dani, greatly believe in magic and practice it daily. For instance, no one will come out after dark because they are afraid of the unhappy ghosts will bring them bad luck. They also believe that when you die, you just die and become a ghost. This is explained by a story they tell about a race between a bird and a snake. Because of these unlucky ghosts, the Dani and other surrounding tribes are at a constant state o...

Physics and Fish Bioenergetics Essays -- physics fish bioenergetics

Welcome to the world of fish physics. Many of us understand basic fish behavior and can reach logical conclusions about where the best place to throw a fishing line is. But when we don’t think much further than that we are missing out on some very interesting details of fish behavior. We can never fully understand why we find some fish in one location and some fish in other locations until we consider the concept of fish bioenergetics. Ultimately, fish behavior is a product of bioenergetics. First, we will take a look at basic fish bioenergetics, understanding the underlying quantitative principles. Then, we will look at some examples of how physical forces, thermodynamics, and light characteristics are specifically related to fish bioenergetics. Most of these models and ideas are made under the assumption that there is no predation or competition, which are additional factors that will influence behavior. Fish bioenergetics includes components of physical forces, thermodynamics, and light characteristics, and follows energy laws and theories describing any other closed system. What it all boils down to is the net rate of energy intake. If this rate is positive a fish will grow and if it is negative then a fish will begin to undergo the stresses of losing biomass. Fish bioenergetics is really a matter of efficiency. Potential profit for a fish at any given position in a stream is simply the amount of energy coming into its system as prey minus the cost of staying at that position. This simplified model can be desribed by P = D - S where P is potential profit (calories/hour), D is available drifting invertebrate energy (calories/hr), and S is swimming cost (calories per hour) (Fausch 1984). For example, th... ...monids at different scales. Ecology 79: 281-294. Hughes, N.F., 1999. Fish ecology course, School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks. Mundie, J.H., 1969. Ecological implications of the diet of juvenile coho salmon in streams. Pages 135-152 in T.G. Northcote, editor. Symposium on salmon and trout in streams, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Stephens, D.W., and J.R. Krebs, 1986. Foraging theory. Princeton University Press, New Jersey. Vogel, J.L., D.A. Beauchamp, 1999. Effects of light, prey size, and turbidity on reaction distances of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) to salmonid prey. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56: 1293-1297. Wankowski, J.W.J., 1979. Morphological limitations, prey size selectivity, and growth response of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Journal of Fish Biology. Physics and Fish Bioenergetics Essays -- physics fish bioenergetics Welcome to the world of fish physics. Many of us understand basic fish behavior and can reach logical conclusions about where the best place to throw a fishing line is. But when we don’t think much further than that we are missing out on some very interesting details of fish behavior. We can never fully understand why we find some fish in one location and some fish in other locations until we consider the concept of fish bioenergetics. Ultimately, fish behavior is a product of bioenergetics. First, we will take a look at basic fish bioenergetics, understanding the underlying quantitative principles. Then, we will look at some examples of how physical forces, thermodynamics, and light characteristics are specifically related to fish bioenergetics. Most of these models and ideas are made under the assumption that there is no predation or competition, which are additional factors that will influence behavior. Fish bioenergetics includes components of physical forces, thermodynamics, and light characteristics, and follows energy laws and theories describing any other closed system. What it all boils down to is the net rate of energy intake. If this rate is positive a fish will grow and if it is negative then a fish will begin to undergo the stresses of losing biomass. Fish bioenergetics is really a matter of efficiency. Potential profit for a fish at any given position in a stream is simply the amount of energy coming into its system as prey minus the cost of staying at that position. This simplified model can be desribed by P = D - S where P is potential profit (calories/hour), D is available drifting invertebrate energy (calories/hr), and S is swimming cost (calories per hour) (Fausch 1984). For example, th... ...monids at different scales. Ecology 79: 281-294. Hughes, N.F., 1999. Fish ecology course, School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks. Mundie, J.H., 1969. Ecological implications of the diet of juvenile coho salmon in streams. Pages 135-152 in T.G. Northcote, editor. Symposium on salmon and trout in streams, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Stephens, D.W., and J.R. Krebs, 1986. Foraging theory. Princeton University Press, New Jersey. Vogel, J.L., D.A. Beauchamp, 1999. Effects of light, prey size, and turbidity on reaction distances of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) to salmonid prey. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56: 1293-1297. Wankowski, J.W.J., 1979. Morphological limitations, prey size selectivity, and growth response of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Journal of Fish Biology.

Estonia Gender Problems Essay

Throughout history, women have constantly struggled for equal rights. However, even after women have gained increased equality in many countries, gender inequality still exists on an international scale. The European country Estonia, in particular, faces a noticeably greater gap between men’s and women’s rights in comparison with its European neighbors. Despite the Estonian Gender Equality Law passed in 2004, sexism and gender stereotypes are still largely prevalent in Estonia’s government and society. The problem of gender inequality has negatively impacted Estonian women in economic, social, and political aspects of life in Estonia. One major result of gender inequality is the limiting of economic opportunities for women. Because of traditional gender stereotypes, Estonian women are believed to be less valuable in the workplace than men. This form of sexism has heavily impacted the ability of women to obtain and maintain employment and salary: â€Å"in the 1990s women’s unemployment exceeded that of men (38.3% of women and 24.7% of men)† (Erickson 278). In addition to the high unemployment rate for women, Estonia’s pay gap (the difference between men and women’s wages for the same job) is currently the highest in Europe: â€Å"women are paid over 30% less than men for the same profession† (Domsch 73). Since Estonian women are economically disadvantaged by unfair employment and salary, many women are forced to become economically dependent on their husbands or fathers. Overall, Estonia’s large pay gap reflects its economic sexism and the detrimental effects of gender ineq uality on women. Gender inequality in Estonia has also led to social prejudice against women. Since Estonia’s incorporation into the Soviet Union, gender roles have been deeply established into Estonian society. These gender roles dictate what women are allowed to do and what small spheres of influence they have on economics, government, and politics. Gender roles have also inevitably led to sexism: â€Å"The relationship between men and women on a societal level represents relationship with unequal power distribution, where men dominate and women are subordinated or under-represented in most spheres of life.† (Morten para. 6). The social dominance of men stems from Estonia’s incorporation into the Soviet Union in 1940. During this period, Estonia’s once Western attitudes and views on gender equality shifted to Soviet-centered beliefs, which emphasized the importance of submissive women who served men. Although the Soviet Union often used feminist propaganda to encourage women to work, women were frequently treated unfairly at home and in society. The gender roles established during the Soviet Union era continue to play a major role in Estonia’s society today. Gender inequality is prevalent in both the household, where men are expected to exert dominance over their wives, and in social gatherings, where women’s opinions are held in lower esteem (Domsch 148). In summary, gender inequality in Estonia has led to social discrimination against women. Another major result of gender inequality is the political prejudice that Estonian women face. After World War II, a period in which Estonia was politically and economically run by women due to a lack of men, the Communist Party reestablished men in the ruling bodies of Estonia. During this period, Estonian women were removed from politics and their political power was undermined. Very recently, some attempts have been made to solve the political gender inequality problem. In 2004, the government passed the Gender Equality Act to ensure that women had equal political power and economic stability (Domsch 127). However, many of the rights guaranteed in the Gender Equality Act were pre-existent in the Constitution of Estonia. In practice, women have yet to see true equality in political or economic aspects. For example, a recent study showed that â€Å"roughly 8% of Estonian government positions are held by women, while only 20% of parliament members are women† (Morten para. 4). The small percentage of women in Estonia’s government directly reflects on the sexism in Estonian politics. Estonia’s male and female populations, though equal in size, are not equally politically represented, as shown by the clearly imbalanced gender ratio in their government. Overall, although small steps have been made toward gender equity, sexism and gender inequality are still widely extant, and have led to comparatively less political empowerment for Estonian women. Although women’s rights have been improved internationally, many countries still face challenges in establishing true gender equality. Estonia currently faces significant problems for women in many major aspects of society. Originating from Estonia’s incorporation into the Soviet Union after World War II, gender stereotypes have negatively affected Estonian women to this day. With one of the largest pay gaps between men and women in Europe, Estonia has a significantly imbalanced gender ratio for employment. Furthermore, sexism has also led to the diminished social and political power of women in Estonian society. Despite the recent improvements that have been made by the Estonian government in the past decade, the economic, social, and political opportunities of Estonian women are still severely limited by gender inequality.

Operation Magement

PROBLEMS 1. Lead time for one of Montegut Manufacturing's fastest moving products is 4 days. Demand during this period averages 100 units per day. What would be an appropriate re-order point? Re-order point = demand during lead time = 100 units/day * 4 days = 400 units. 2. Montegut Manufacturing produces a product for which the annual demand is 10,000 units. Production averages 100 per day, while demand is 40 per day. Holding costs are $1. 00 per unit per year; set-up costs $200. 00. If they wish to produce this product in economic batches, what size batch should be used?What is the maximum inventory level? How many order cycles are there per year? How much does management of this good in inventory cost the firm each year? This problem requires economic order quantity, noninstantaneous delivery. [pic]or 1826 units. The maximum inventory level is [pic]or 1095 units. There are approximately [pic] cycles per year. Annual inventory management costs total [pic]= $2,190. 89 or $2,191. 3. C entral University uses $123,000 of a particular toner cartridge for laser printers in the student computer labs each year.The purchasing director of the university estimates the ordering cost at $45 and thinks that the university can hold this type of inventory at an annual storage cost of 22% of the purchase price. How many months' supply should the purchasing director order at one time to minimize the total annual cost of purchasing and carrying? First, calculate the EOQ from the data provided. In this problem, the â€Å"units† are dollars, and the â€Å"price† of each is 1. [pic] One month's usage is 123000/12 = $10,250. EOQ = 7094. Month’s usage = 7094/10250 = 0. 9, or about three week’s usage. (This is supported by the order frequency of 17 per year). 4. The soft goods department of a large department store sells 175 units per month of a certain large bath towel. The unit cost of a towel to the store is $2. 50 and the cost of placing an order has bee n estimated to be $12. 00. The store uses an inventory carrying charge of 27% per year. Determine the optimal order quantity, order frequency, and the annual cost of inventory management. If, through automation of the purchasing process, the ordering cost can be cut to $4. 0, what will be the new economic order quantity, order frequency, and annual inventory management cost? Explain these results. Annual demand is 175 x 12 = 2100. At S=$12, the EOQ is 273 units, and there are about 8 orders per year. Annual costs of inventory management are $184. 44. These results are detailed in the calculations below. [pic]; [pic] [pic] At S=$4, EOQ falls to 158, and order frequency rises to 13. Annual inventory management costs fall to $106. 48. The lower order cost encourages smaller, more frequent orders. pic]; [pic] [pic] 5. A printing company estimates that it will require 1,000 reams of a certain type of paper in a given period. The cost of carrying one unit in inventory for that period is 5 0 cents. The company buys the paper from a wholesaler in the same town, sending its own truck to pick up the orders at a fixed cost of $20. 00 per trip. Treating this cost as the order cost, what is the optimum number of reams to buy at one time? How many times should lots of this size be bought during this period?What is the minimum cost of maintaining inventory on this item for the period? Of this total cost, how much is carrying cost and how much is ordering cost? This is an EOQ problem, even though the time period is not a year. All that is required is that the demand value and the carrying cost share the same time reference. This will require approximately 3. 5 orders per period. Setup costs and carrying costs are each $70. 71, and the annual total is $141. 42. [pic]; [pic] Carrying cost =[pic]; setup cost = [pic] Operation Magement PROBLEMS 1. Lead time for one of Montegut Manufacturing's fastest moving products is 4 days. Demand during this period averages 100 units per day. What would be an appropriate re-order point? Re-order point = demand during lead time = 100 units/day * 4 days = 400 units. 2. Montegut Manufacturing produces a product for which the annual demand is 10,000 units. Production averages 100 per day, while demand is 40 per day. Holding costs are $1. 00 per unit per year; set-up costs $200. 00. If they wish to produce this product in economic batches, what size batch should be used?What is the maximum inventory level? How many order cycles are there per year? How much does management of this good in inventory cost the firm each year? This problem requires economic order quantity, noninstantaneous delivery. [pic]or 1826 units. The maximum inventory level is [pic]or 1095 units. There are approximately [pic] cycles per year. Annual inventory management costs total [pic]= $2,190. 89 or $2,191. 3. C entral University uses $123,000 of a particular toner cartridge for laser printers in the student computer labs each year.The purchasing director of the university estimates the ordering cost at $45 and thinks that the university can hold this type of inventory at an annual storage cost of 22% of the purchase price. How many months' supply should the purchasing director order at one time to minimize the total annual cost of purchasing and carrying? First, calculate the EOQ from the data provided. In this problem, the â€Å"units† are dollars, and the â€Å"price† of each is 1. [pic] One month's usage is 123000/12 = $10,250. EOQ = 7094. Month’s usage = 7094/10250 = 0. 9, or about three week’s usage. (This is supported by the order frequency of 17 per year). 4. The soft goods department of a large department store sells 175 units per month of a certain large bath towel. The unit cost of a towel to the store is $2. 50 and the cost of placing an order has bee n estimated to be $12. 00. The store uses an inventory carrying charge of 27% per year. Determine the optimal order quantity, order frequency, and the annual cost of inventory management. If, through automation of the purchasing process, the ordering cost can be cut to $4. 0, what will be the new economic order quantity, order frequency, and annual inventory management cost? Explain these results. Annual demand is 175 x 12 = 2100. At S=$12, the EOQ is 273 units, and there are about 8 orders per year. Annual costs of inventory management are $184. 44. These results are detailed in the calculations below. [pic]; [pic] [pic] At S=$4, EOQ falls to 158, and order frequency rises to 13. Annual inventory management costs fall to $106. 48. The lower order cost encourages smaller, more frequent orders. pic]; [pic] [pic] 5. A printing company estimates that it will require 1,000 reams of a certain type of paper in a given period. The cost of carrying one unit in inventory for that period is 5 0 cents. The company buys the paper from a wholesaler in the same town, sending its own truck to pick up the orders at a fixed cost of $20. 00 per trip. Treating this cost as the order cost, what is the optimum number of reams to buy at one time? How many times should lots of this size be bought during this period?What is the minimum cost of maintaining inventory on this item for the period? Of this total cost, how much is carrying cost and how much is ordering cost? This is an EOQ problem, even though the time period is not a year. All that is required is that the demand value and the carrying cost share the same time reference. This will require approximately 3. 5 orders per period. Setup costs and carrying costs are each $70. 71, and the annual total is $141. 42. [pic]; [pic] Carrying cost =[pic]; setup cost = [pic]

Assess the case against Moral Elitism Essay

Moral Elitist believe in a metaphysical claim: there are moral facts and an epistemic claim: we have access to them. According to moral relativism, there are no moral principles or values objectively real and applicable to everyone; rather, what’s right/wrong and good/bad essentially depends on individual preference or culture, and this varies from person to person or group to group. There is not just one moral fact but instead there are millions and we access them be research. There are two different forms of moral elitism one is cultural relativism which based on societies and the other is in the individualistic form, moral subjectivism. Moral relativism seems tolerant (â€Å"you do your thing and I’ll do mine†), but is it reasonable to believe? We should think not. First, let’s look at it in its group or cultural form, cultural relativism. According to cultural relativism, ethics essentially depend on one’s culture or tribe. That is, CR says action X is right or good if the society says X is right or good, and X is wrong or bad if the society says X is wrong or bad. Action X may be right in one culture but wrong in another. Our culture may hold that apartheid is wrong, but another culture may be okay with apartheid, because of a difference in the history of interracial relations. On cultural relativism, then, morality is wholly a matter of cultural invention, i.e. social construction and because such circumstances vary from group to group, so do the constructed moralities. Thus, we shouldn’t impose our culture’s moral values on others, and others shouldn’t push theirs on us. There are no better or worse societies, they are just merely different and so one society cannot judge another. Instead we should be non judgemental and celebrate diversity. Cultural relativism sounds good, but is it sound? Let’s assume that cultural relativism is true, this would be very problematic. The biggest problem for this argument is put forward by G.E Moore’s Open Question. He suggests that the relativists have mis-defined morality, it makes to sense to ask whether society approve of something or it, but does this make it automatically good? This ends up giving support to obviously evil regimes and evil cultural practices. For example it becomes impossible to criticize the Nazis. If Nazi culture says that genocide is right, then, for Nazi Germany, genocide is right. It was just their culture, after all. But we know that we can and should condemn such regimes and practices. There is also the criticism put forward by Objectivists who believe in moral development, where sometimes we have to go against the popular view, we need to be able to compare different societies. For example surely the German society now is much better than how it was like with all the racism involved when Hitler was in power. Objectivists believe that societies are a hierarchy where some are in fact better than others whereas cultural relativism believes in breadth where all societies are equal, but surely their tolerance goes too far? If cultural relativism is true, then internal cultural reform is disabled. What the culture says is right is right, so it’s not possible for one’s culture to be mistaken let alone reformed. Yes, one can critique acts according to cultural standards, but it’s not possible to criticize one’s own cultural standards. However they do arise for example Jesus, Gandhi and Martin Luther King, they were all trying to apply another standard for example Martin Luther King was trying to apply the standard of equality. The existence of cultural reformers is a fact, and this fact counts against cultural relativism. Cultural relativism also self-refutes. If CR is true, it allows for the possibility of a society having a non-relative or absolute morality. That is, on cultural relativism a society could hold that cultural relativism is false, and they would say that this morality is true. So, if cultural relativism, then it is also not true. This is a serious logical problem. There is also the problem of which culture? The one you’re born into or the one you presently occupy? When asking someone what cultural groups they belong in they will struggle as they have loads, for example being a student, a Muslim etc. Now let’s look at moral subjectivism. According to moral subjectivism ethics are merely a matter of individual preference. That is, to say action X is right or good if I like X, and X is wrong or bad if I don’t like X. Depending on our feelings, action X may be right for you but wrong for me. You may not like abortion, but I may be okay with abortion, if my feelings are not as troubled by it as yours are. Morality, then, is basically a matter of taste, and tastes vary. People should choose our own morals and have freedom, not simply just accept our parents, society or religion. They are relative to the individual and so are presented through our personal feelings. Feelings are the main index and guide to show what morals we should follow. However this could result in problems as intra-personal criticism is lost. If moral subjectivism is true, whatever we feel is right is right. In other words, we can never be wrong morally and we cannot criticize ourselves (all we can be is true to our feelings). This does not destroy subjectivism but it serves as a red flag against IR, because our pre-theoretic experience of morality is that we sometimes make moral mistakes, in spite of our feelings. We also cannot criticize others. We can’t truly morally condemn the behaviour of, say, Jack the Ripper clearly liked killing women; the feelings of a person justified their actions. In other words, according to subjectivism: Who are we to judge them? There is also the problem of how are our feeling a reliable guide to right and wrong? Sometimes we can misjudge and feelings can cloud our judgement, for example someone with a bad temper might kill someone by accident due to their anger issues. Also reason can sometimes change our feelings, for example if I am on a diet but I feel like I really want a chocolate ice cream, reasoning about this would convince me not to follow my feelings and opt to eat something healthy instead. In conclusion we have seen the two types of moral elitism. Both are quite sophisticated and a lot more open minded. Surely our feelings mater sometimes when it comes to moral decisions. There cannot be just set moral facts as how would everyone even agree about what they are. When trying to decide what is right and wrong, everyone seems to disagree so surely our feelings and following our own society would lead to our moral decisions. However many problems arise logically from moral elitism as sometimes we cannot choose our own morals instead we are a passive recipient where morals impose themselves on us. Following our society or feelings do not necessarily lead us to what is right or wrong and so it’s reasonable to conclude that individual moral relativism is flawed—logically, factually, and morally as following it will lead to wrong situations where wrong things will be condoned. Therefore moral elitism should be rejected.

Brand equity Essay

How much a product can earn over its identical competitor by virtue of its brand, determines its brand equity. It can be a neat result of many factors like years of experience, proven track record of quality, legacy, emotional bondage and company outlook, where it adds more value to the product and thereby helps the product to score over its identical competitors. Without brand equity a product loses its competitive advantage, and for that matter some companies â€Å"measure brand equity relying on financial measures of brand performance† (Dobney, 2007). Thus Brand India should be able to score over its Asian counterpart. Figure – 3 The brand management chain (Based on Wood, 2000; Kapferer, 2004) Integration of the theoretical constructs brand equity (Aaker, 1996) and brand orientation could be instrumental in the understanding of brand value, where brand equity commands more attention as it aims for generating long-term values for the company by â€Å"understanding the conceptual basis for the value of brand and its implications† (Keller, 1993). Brand loyalty. Brand loyalty refers to the customers’ consistent preference to buy a selected brand in a particular product category, irrespective of other provocative options presented by the competitor of that brand. This situation occurs after the customers make a trial run of the brand and get convinced about the efficacy of that brand towards fulfilling certain needs of theirs and decide to buy that brand again and again. That practice â€Å"forms the habit and thus customers continue purchasing the same brand because the product is safe and familiar† (Giddens, 2002). This situation speaks of the dual responsibility of branding too, where on one hand it should influence the rationality of its prospective customers, while invoking the emotional response among them on the other. As for example, a particular meal in a restaurant might declare about a possible health benefit with the inclusion of tomato in it by saying, â€Å"lycopene in tomato lowers the risk of cancer†, thereby influencing the rationality of the customers, and at the same time it can evoke the nostalgia in customers by labelling the meal as â€Å"grandma’s special recipe†. In this strategy lies the clue of embedding medical/healthcare tourism with general tourism and Incredible India should utilize it. Figure – 4 Brand Awareness: Brand awareness is â€Å"a gauge of marketing effectiveness measured by the ability of a customer to recognize and/or recall a name, image or other mark associated with a particular brand† (Waters, 2008). Though brand awareness cannot measure the customers’ approach towards the brand, yet it is very helpful in forming a positive attitude among the target audience about the brand. Incredible India Campaign should take care of that. Figure – 5 The above diagram shows that recollection or identification ability first created ‘aided awareness in the prospective customers, which might convert into a top-of mind awareness, if the brand convinces customers either with its logistics or direct service. Thus, brand awareness can work on two folds, primarily making its way into the mind of the customer and then working on its way to achieve the recognition, where the brand first generates strategic awareness in customers, where the customers understands the distinctive qualities of the product and associates them with their need. Current campaign strategy of Incredible India lacks that finesse. Brand Value While brand loyalty proves to be a cost-saving yet effective tool to garner higher sales, brand value â€Å"reflects how a product’s name, or company name is perceived by the marketplace† (Free, 2004), which involves both target audience and the general audience. Brand value can be tangible too, in the event of a brand being sold, where extracting the value of the brand from the value provided by other, tangible, resources becomes possible (Simon, C. J. & Sullivan, M. J. , 1993, Conchar, et al, 2005). From this perspective, even the title of the campaign in discussion, Incredible India needs to be reviewed and if needed may be replaced. The name should denote the power and strength of a brand. As for example, â€Å"if Coca-Cola’s facilities Atlanta were to burn overnight, the company would still be able to start up the next day due to its brand value† (What, 1998). Therefore it is the success story of a company that earns its brand value. However, to gauge the impact of brand value, the company needs to take help of empirical research. The process might then looks like below (Persson): Figure – 6 Brand value is the outcome of consistent and successful brand building, where the action of the company would speak louder than words, besides proving its ethical standings in the marketplace. IV. 7. Brand personality Much like a human being, a brand too serves as the ambassador of the company personality, depicting its outlook and aspirations, besides its services and promises. Thus much depends on the carriage of the brand, because it is the coveted message of the company to the outer world about its activities, aims, aspirations and promises – in short, a package of total company outlook. From this angle too, the campaign in discussion needs to be reviewed. Figure – 7 A strong brand does more than it meets the eye, however, its activity should be powered towards achieving the targeted benefit out of it. For that matter, the first step towards creating a strong brand â€Å"is to identify the benefits† (Saarte, 2008). Target benefit would surely help to determine the nature of the branding, which would help the company to identify the necessary elements into branding, such as company image, the USP of its product, type of promises, and desired platforms of bonding and more. Incredible India is yet to create a clear USP to position itself. V. Conclusion/Recommendation The detailed discussion and analysis above clearly shows that Incredible India Campaign falls far too short in achieving its desired outcome and thus needs to be thoroughly reviewed and modified to meet the demand of the time and position India as a strong brand in the global tourism market. Thus this study recommends following steps towards achieving the target of building a strong Brand India in the global market: 1. Incredible India needs to review its name, packaging, price and its history and modify it concerning the current demand. 2. Ensuring that it becomes capable of Delivering the message clearly.   Confirming the credibility of the company. Connectingthe target prospects emotionally. Motivating the buyers.   Concretizing the user loyalty 3. Incredible India has to focus more on emphasizing emotional bond with UK through exploiting the earlier history of close communication. 4. It must study and research other Asian countries pros and cons in this sector to ensure that Brand India should be able to score over them. 5. It should embed medical/healthcare tourism with general tourism to generate brand loyalty. 6. Through constant, consistent, cohesive and cogent campaign, it should create the brand awareness (UK still have a poor awareness, around 30%) 7. Periodic assessment of the campaign is a must to check the brand value. 8. Campaign should get facelift periodically with a central theme of personality. Ends. References Aaker, D. A. (1996) Building Strong Brands. The Free Press, New York. ISBN 0-02- 900151-X Atithi Debo Bhava. (2004) Incredible India [online] available from http://www. incredibleindia. org/newsite/atithidevobhava. htm [accessed 4 September 2008] Bizhelp. (2008) What is Branding? [online] available from http://www. bizhelp24. com/marketing/what-is-branding-. html [accessed 4 September 2008] Brand Definition. (2008) [online] available from http://www. investorwords. com/568/brand. html [accessed 3 September 2008] Brand. (2008) [online] available from http://whatis. techtarget. com/definition/0,,sid9_gci211703,00. html [accessed 4 September 2008] Brandguru Inc. â€Å"What IS Branding? † Viewed 24 March 2008, http://www. brandidentityguru. com/popUps/whatisBranding. html Conchar, M. P. , Crask, M. R. & Zinkhan, G. M. (2005) Market Valuation Models of the Effect of Advertising and Promotional Spending: A Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 33, No. 4, 445-460. Dobney. com. (2007) Brand equity and brand value [online] available from http://www. dobney. com/Research/Brand_equity_research. htm [accessed 4 September 2008] Dolak, D. (2001) Building A Strong Brand: Brands and Branding Basics [online] available from http://www. davedolak. com/articles/dolak4. htm [accessed 5 September 2008] Dunn, S. (2008) What is Branding and Why Do You Want It? [online] available form http://www. ecomhelp. com/KB/Branding/kb_what-is-branding. htm [accessed 5 September 2008] Free Definitions: Define Brand. What is Brand? (2004) [online] available from http://www. learnthat. com/define/view. asp? id=279 [accessed 4 September 2008] Giddens, N. (2002) Brand Loyalty [online] available from http://www. extension. iastate. edu/AgDM/wholefarm/html/c5-54. html [accessed 4 September 2008] Incredible India campaign woos more Americans (2008) The Press Trust of India Ltd [online] available from http://www. accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286- 34809894_ITM [accessed on 4 September 2008] Indian Tourism’s ‘Incredible India’ Campaign (2005) Research paper [online] available from http://www. icmrindia. org/casestudies/catalogue/marketing%20communications/C LMC010. htm ] India’s rise in medical tourism (2007) News [online] available from http://www. timesonline. co. uk/tol/travel/destinations/india/article2257994. ece [accessed 4 September 2008] Kapferer. (1994) Strategic brand management: new approaches to creating and evaluating brand equity. Free Press, New York. Keller, K. L. (1993) Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing,Vol. 57, No. 1, pp. 1-23. King, T. E. (2007) Incredible India? Campaign has Incredible Budget [online] available from http://www. travelmole. com/stories/1118243. php [accessed 5 September 2008] Lake, L. (2008) What is Branding and How Important is it to Your Marketing Strategy? [online] available from http://marketing. about. com/cs/brandmktg/a/whatisbranding. htm [accessed 4 September 2008] McCall, K. (2003) Marketing Angel [online] available from http://business. mainetoday.com/smallbusiness/mmm/030601. shtml [accessed 5 September 2008] O & M (2003). Incredible India [online] available from http://www. ogilvyindia. com/work/incredibleindia. asp [accessed 5 September 2008] Persson, N. Understanding of the nature and relevance of brand orientation and brand equity in B2B brand management – implications for future research. Ph. D. Thesis [online] available from http://www. nhh. no/Admin/Public/DWSDownload. aspx? File=%2FFiles%2FFiler %2Finstitutter%2Ffor%2Fconferences%2Fnff%2Fpapers%2Fpersson. pdf [accessed 1 September 2008] Saarte, L. A. (2008) Fitting It All Together. EzineArticles. [online] available from http://ezinearticles. com/? Branding—Fitting-It-All-Together&id=1043858 [accessed 1 September 2008] Simon, C. J. & Sullivan, M. J. (1993) The Measurement and determinants of Brand Equity: A Financial Approach. Marketing Science, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 28-52. UK Indian doctor sets shop in Goa for medical tourists (2007) News [online] available from http://www. newkerala. com/topstory-fullnews-14322. html [accessed 4 September 2008] Waters, S. (2008) Brand Awareness [online] available from http://retail. about.com/od/glossary/g/brand_awareness. htm [accessed 1 September 2008] What is the Value of a Brand? [online] available from http://www. csom. umn. edu/Assets/3478. pdf [accessed 31 August 2008] Why Brand Loyalty is Important? [online] available from http://www. brandloyalty- int. com/site. asp? pagina=8 [accessed 1 September 2008] Why India? (2007) Government report [online] available from http://www. medical-tourism-india. com/medical_tourism_india. htm [accessed 5 September 2008] Wood, L. (2000) Brand and brand equity: Definition and management†. Management Decision, Vol. 38, No. 9, pp. 662-669.

Virgin Atlantic Airways Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Virgin Atlantic Airways - Essay Example Specifically, the increased research and utilization of renewable energy as a fuel source as a method of attaining progress will be detailed in this case study of Virgin Atlantic Airways. 2. To learn biographical information on one airline company, in particular, Virgin Atlantic Airways, in the discussion of its creation, its creator Richard Branson, and the values that the brand strives to embody. 3. To learn of the innovative ideas, techniques, and implementations that Virgin Atlantic has brought to the airline industry in regards to all facets of the company’s operations, especially in the area of guest satisfaction, including an in-depth discussion of the features of the airline that cater to providing an optimal, luxe, pre, in, and post-flight environment. 4. To understand how Virgin Atlantic and its procedures and offerings have allowed it to remain a profitable venture alongside failing airline companies in times of financial downturns with a look at the financial numbers that the company has released to the public, especially in the past few years. 5. To gain a look at the varying perspectives of those who have utilized Virgin Atlantic’s services as to the strengths and weaknesses of the company through differing eyes, including reviews by customers, critics, and analysts, and those involved directly in its operations. 6. To learn of future innovative implementations that Virgin Atlantic hopes to bring to the table as an airline, and continue to establish its niche among profitable ventures in the industry by reviewing releases from the company as to its goals for the next year and beyond.

The Crucible Theatre Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

The Crucible Theatre Case Study - Essay Example What is the basis of strategy formulation in the Crucible Theatre Trust Comment on the management of the risk and the crises evident in the Case Study. The Crucible Theatre (from hereon referred to as "Crucible") is an enterprise that is owned, operated, and managed by a legally registered company with the Trust as its board of directors (or, strictly speaking, trustees). Like any other enterprise, the theatre receives income, has expenditures, hires employees, and faces many problems. As part of its strategic management function, the Trust should have focused on the long-term identification, development, and exploitation of the Crucible's core competencies, thought about the concept of the corporation and its mission, and designed the management processes to achieve the mission, which is why the Crucible existed in the first place. In effect, the Trust's main function is to set the strategy: give an over-all "direction" and "destination" for the business and the guidelines on how to get there. Then, operating management takes care of the details that are part of making the business enterprise succeed. It is understandable that at the beginning, the Crucible's management had problems as shown by the theatre's construction cost over-runs (by 184,000 or 26 percent over budget) and the low theatre attendance. But as the years passed, the number of "empty" seats, the financial losses (if not for the increasing amount of grants), the recurring cycles of financial crises, and a general lack of direction showed that the Trust could improve the way it did strategic management. In its first decade (1971-1981), the Trust may have done well in identifying and developing the Crucible's concept, core competencies, and its mission, but it had not done well in exploiting those core competencies and in managing the processes of marketing (audience development) and finance (non-government sources). As a result, its resources were under-utilised and the Crucible became a financial burden to the government. The second decade (1982-1991) saw "improvements" in the Trust's management, hitting "lower" attendance targets, increasing box office income (average annual growth of 23 percent) and its percentage (from 40 to 50 percent) of total income, and decreasing the growth rate of income from grants (average annual growth dropped from 16 percent from 1971-1981 to 7 percent from 1982-1991) for its operations. However, the financial burden remained for reasons easy to see: the "strategic" decision to bring down attendance targets made it easy to achieve, and as expenses rose, it was only due to effective lobbying by the Trust in the Arts Council and with Sheffield's local government that the Crucible secured the grants that allowed its financial survival. Balancing accounts and fund-raising could be

Basseri of Iran Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Basseri of Iran - Research Paper Example One definition offered for pastoral nomads is that they are â€Å"societies specializing in animal husbandry requiring periodic movement† (Barfield, 1984). For such societies, â€Å"animal husbandry is †¦an ideal way of making a living† and â€Å"movement of all or part of the society is considered a normal and natural part of life† (Barfield, 1984). Another interesting aspect of this people is that in the modern context, though they may be making more income out of activities other than pastoralism, still â€Å"the concept of nomadic pastoralism remains central to their own identities† (Barfield, 1984). Generations who have remained pastoral nomads have instilled a unique culture into this people, which cannot be erased by modernity that easily. Phillips (2001) has observed that â€Å"Basseri are true nomads, sometimes moving camp nearly everyday† (p.286). Studies (Phillips, 2001) about Basseri have shown that a group of Basseris may establish and re-erect their tent on an average of â€Å"120 times a year† (p.286). As seasons change, they follow a route that take them into pastures along the valleys and also help their cattle cope with the rising temperatures (Philipps, 2001, p.286). During summer, thus they reach the high altitudes and in the autumn, commence the return journey to the valleys (Philipps, 2001, p.286). In this way, Basseri is a people constantly on the move. And the movement in their life is connected with their primary mode of subsistence. A section of these nomads have now become sedentary while another major section still remains true to their nomadic culture (Philipps, 2001, p.283). Primary mode of subsistence As discussed above, the primary mode of subsistence for Basseri tribe has been pastoralism. They have a pattern of â€Å"annual movement cycles† which make them travel according to the climate and availability of grass for their cattle (Marx, 1977, p.344). They are also seen to mo ve around based on â€Å"subsistence units†, which are specific areas that they move into under the norm that it is their â€Å"territory† (Marx, 1977, p.344). The livelihood of Basseri tribe has been by selling meat and skin, and other pastoral products (Tapper, 1997, p.21). Anthropologists have even named the pastoral and nomadic tribes of Iran as â€Å"units of subsistence†, a nomenclature indicative of how the very mode of subsistence becomes their socio-cultural identity. Pastoralist Being pastoral does not mean that the only subsistence of a society is pastoralism. Instead such a nomenclature is just indicative that â€Å"as long as economic alternatives are insecure, and pastoralism serves as the economic base, †¦people are justly called pastoral nomads† (Marx, 1977, p.344). But the more important aspect, as discussed above is that pastoralism is always â€Å"the mainstay of their culture† (Marx, 1977, p. 344). Another fact is that past oralism is found to develop only in places where â€Å"water is seasonally in short supply† (Marx, 1977, p.345). In the deserts of Middle East, every year, there are alternating dry and wet spells of weather. It is to cope with this climatic condition that Basseri tribe became nomadic and pastoral. Culture The Basseri culture is distinct with strong ties of kinship, which has resulted in the formation of independent families who inhabit a tent.

Reflective assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Reflective - Assignment Example Facts and discussion presented in this assignment are basically structured in accordance with the Gibbs reflective model (1988). To validate the reflection practice, this paper includes a case scenario in which the practitioners involved in the care of the patient did not pay adequate attention to the importance of effective communication. Consequently, this lack of communication affected the patient for the worse. Therefore, this paper aims at scrutinizing the best research evidence to emphasize the need for proper communication in health care in order to refine clinical practice and respect patient values. Several years ago, I was in the cardiac theatre working as an anaesthesia technician and meanwhile, one 5 years old boy who was a cardiac patient was undergoing dental clearance by a trainee dentist. After the trainee was through, the inhalation agent got terminated so as to allow the patient recover prior to the removal of the endotracheal tube. Now in many situations, it is too risky for novices like dentists undergoing training to take full control of actual procedures to be performed on the patients and it also appeared later from a consent form that the patient’s parents had never agreed to the direct involvement of anyone but highly qualified professionals in their child’s treatment in the OT. Clearly, this critical incident originated due to lack of healthy communication between the surgeons and patients which is essential to avoiding risks in the OT. Though the patient did not experience a considerable harm but his parents had desired for any intervention to be carried out by trained professionals and not by trainees. Shock was one of the feelings that overcame me first when from another anaesthesia technician I learned that the patient’s parents had not wished for the involvement of a trainee to avoid any possible risks. This fellow technician despite knowing of the parents’

How Can Sports Help Kids Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How Can Sports Help Kids - Research Paper Example Not all sporting activities are beneficial to children, only organized sporting activities. Organized sporting activities help children feel satisfied and have a sense of achievement. It builds a spirit of teamwork and leadership in the children. Parents should not restrict their children from engaging in physical activities if they want their children to be exemplary leaders. However, sporting activities have been declining in the past years because of technological advancements with boys being the most affected (Active community guide, 2002). Children have just played computer and video games instead of physical activities. Girls are the greatest benefits of sporting activities as they take sports more seriously than boys. Warren Clark, 2008. Canadian Social Trends: Kids’ sports, Statistics Canada. Sports permit kids to develop teamwork, competition, leadership and communication skills. These aspects are particularly relevant in growing children. We need to instill these in all children and prepare them as future leaders. Sports also assist in the improvement of the health of children and reduce future health-related problems. In terms of health, it helps build healthy bones in children and enhances fitness. Games also endorse good posture and reinforce the heart. The kids involved in sports are more relaxed than their lazy partners, and this in general boosts proper growth and maturity. I think both the family and the instructors participate significantly in the development of kids through sports. As we all know, children learn through play it helps them learn about the societal context. As children involve themselves in sports and various games, they learn how to solve problems and help themselves. Their mind is developed, and they understand more easily on what they are being taught. Active community guide, 2002. Active kids, NSW Department of Sport and Recreation Sports help the children expand their physical skills which are learned as they find o ut how to climb and handle their toys. Parents should ensure that they have spent considerable time with their children so that the children will feel motivated. They need to be offering emotional support and rewarding them even when they fail. This will motivate them as they build skills. A parent should also not force their child to involve in a sport that they do not like. They should be allowed to make their own decisions at an early age. Sports as well help children enhance cognitive aspects such as solving problems and also improve their attention duration (Pivarnik and Pfeiffer, 2002). This not only helps the kid but also benefits the community as a whole. They gain the ability to do their homework without a lot of help and do their own things like finding socks, bathing themselves and making their beds. Through sporting activities, children learn imperative language skills. As a child plays with other children, the interaction allows them to develop their language in terms o f speaking and writing. Some games such as debates and telling jokes are an unusually vital way of improving language skills. Luepker, R.V. 1999. How physically active are American children and what can we do about it? Int. J. Obes. 23 (Suppl. 2): S12-S17. Children nowadays are becoming overweight because they just sit in front of televisions and computer instead of participating in active games (Luepker, 1999).